यज्ञोपवीत

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• যজ্ঞোপৱীত (Assamese script)
• ᬬᬚ᭄ᬜᭀᬧᬯᬷᬢ (Balinese script)
• যজ্ঞোপবীত (Bengali script)
• 𑰧𑰕𑰿𑰗𑰺𑰢𑰪𑰱𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀬𑀚𑁆𑀜𑁄𑀧𑀯𑀻𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• ယဇ္ဉောပဝီတ (Burmese script)
• યજ્ઞોપવીત (Gujarati script)
• ਯਜ੍ਞੋਪਵੀਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌯𑌜𑍍𑌞𑍋𑌪𑌵𑍀𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦪꦘꦺꦴꦥꦮꦷꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂨𑂔𑂹𑂖𑂷𑂣𑂫𑂲𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಯಜ್ಞೋಪವೀತ (Kannada script)
• យជ្ញោបវីត (Khmer script)
• ຍຊ຺ໂຎປວີຕ (Lao script)
• യജ്ഞോപവീത (Malayalam script)
• ᠶᠠᡯᠨᡳᠶᠣᢒᠠᠸᡳᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘧𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘻𑘢𑘪𑘲𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᠶ᠋ᠠᠽᡛᠣᠸᠠᢒᠠᠸᠢᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧇𑦵𑧠𑦷𑧜𑧂𑧊𑧓𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐫𑐖𑑂𑐘𑑀𑐥𑐰𑐷𑐟 (Newa script)
• ଯଜ୍ଞୋପଵୀତ (Odia script)
• ꢫꢙ꣄ꢛꣂꢦꢮꢷꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆪𑆘𑇀𑆚𑆾𑆥𑆮𑆵𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖧𑖕𑖿𑖗𑖺𑖢𑖪𑖱𑖝 (Siddham script)
• යඥොපවීත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩻𑩣 𑪙𑩥𑩕𑩰𑩾𑩑𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚣𑚑𑚶𑚓𑚴𑚞𑚦𑚯𑚙 (Takri script)
• யஜ்ஞோபவீத (Tamil script)
• యజ్ఞోపవీత (Telugu script)
• ยชฺโญปวีต (Thai script)
• ཡ་ཛྙོ་པ་ཝཱི་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒨𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒼𑒣𑒫𑒲𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨪𑨥𑩇𑨓𑨆𑨞𑨭𑨁𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁yaǵ-

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyaȷ́nás

Sanskrit यज्ञ (yajña)

Sanskrit उपव्ये (upavye)

Sanskrit -इत (-ita)

Sanskrit उपवीत (upavīta)

Sanskrit यज्ञोपवीत (yajñopavīta)

Compound of यज्ञ (yajña) +‎ उपवीत (upavīta); see there for more.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐd͡ʑ.ɲɐw.pɐ.ʋiː.tɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /jɐd͡ʑ.ɲoː.pɐˈʋiː.t̪ɐ/

Noun

यज्ञोपवीत • (yajñopavītá) stem, n

1. the sacred thread worn (over the left shoulder and hanging under the right) by boys and men of the three द्विज (dvija, “twice-born”) castes
   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 4.36:

     वैणवीं धारयेद्यष्टिं सोदकं च कमण्डलुम् ।
     यज्ञोपवीतं वेदं च शुभं रौक्मे च कुण्डले । ।

     vaiṇavīṃ dhārayedyaṣṭiṃ sodakaṃ ca kamaṇḍalum.
     yajñopavītaṃ vedaṃ ca śubhaṃ raukme ca kuṇḍale..

     He [the Brāhmaṇa] shall carry a staff of bamboo, a pot full of water, the sacred string, a bundle of Kusa grass, and (wear) two bright golden ear-rings.

2. the investiture of young men with the said sacred thread
   • c. 400 BCE – 300 BCE, Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of यज्ञोपवीत (yajñopavītá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	यज्ञोपवीतम् yajñopavītám	यज्ञोपवीते yajñopavīté	यज्ञोपवीतानि / यज्ञोपवीता¹ yajñopavītā́ni / yajñopavītā́¹
Vocative	यज्ञोपवीत yájñopavīta	यज्ञोपवीते yájñopavīte	यज्ञोपवीतानि / यज्ञोपवीता¹ yájñopavītāni / yájñopavītā¹
Accusative	यज्ञोपवीतम् yajñopavītám	यज्ञोपवीते yajñopavīté	यज्ञोपवीतानि / यज्ञोपवीता¹ yajñopavītā́ni / yajñopavītā́¹
Instrumental	यज्ञोपवीतेन yajñopavīténa	यज्ञोपवीताभ्याम् yajñopavītā́bhyām	यज्ञोपवीतैः / यज्ञोपवीतेभिः¹ yajñopavītaíḥ / yajñopavītébhiḥ¹
Dative	यज्ञोपवीताय yajñopavītā́ya	यज्ञोपवीताभ्याम् yajñopavītā́bhyām	यज्ञोपवीतेभ्यः yajñopavītébhyaḥ
Ablative	यज्ञोपवीतात् yajñopavītā́t	यज्ञोपवीताभ्याम् yajñopavītā́bhyām	यज्ञोपवीतेभ्यः yajñopavītébhyaḥ
Genitive	यज्ञोपवीतस्य yajñopavītásya	यज्ञोपवीतयोः yajñopavītáyoḥ	यज्ञोपवीतानाम् yajñopavītā́nām
Locative	यज्ञोपवीते yajñopavīté	यज्ञोपवीतयोः yajñopavītáyoḥ	यज्ञोपवीतेषु yajñopavītéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Kashmiri: योञ (yōñ)
• Pali: yaññopavīta
• Prakrit: 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀅 (jaṇṇovavīa), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀈𑀅 (jaṇṇovaīa), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀬 (jaṇṇovavīya), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀻𑀅 (jaṇṇovīa)
  • Central Indo-Aryan:
    • Gujarati: જનોઈ (janoī)
    • Hindustani:
      • Hindi: जनेऊ (janeū)
        • → English: janeu
      • Urdu: جَنیئُو (janeū)
    • Marwari: जिनेऊ (jineū), जीनोई (jīnoī)
  • Eastern Indo-Aryan:
    • Maithili: janēu

      Devanagari script: जनेउ

      Tirhuta script: 𑒖𑒢𑒹𑒅

  • Northern Indo-Aryan:
    • Nepali: जनै (janai)
  • Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
    • Old Punjabi: ਜਨੇਊ (janeū)
      • Punjabi:

        Gurmukhi script: ਜੰਞੂ (jãñū)

        Shahmukhi script: جَننجو (jannjo)

    • Sindhi:

      Arabic script: جَڻْيو, جنوئـي

      Devanagari script: जण्यो, जनोई

  • Southern Indo-Aryan:
    • Konkani: jānvẽ

      Devanagari script: जान्वें

      Kannada script: ಜಾನ್ವೆಂ

      Latin script: zanvem

    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: जाणिवें (jāṇiveṃ), जानिवें (jāniveṃ)

      Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘜𑘲𑘪𑘹𑘽 (jāṇīveṃ), 𑘕𑘰𑘡𑘲𑘪𑘹𑘽 (jānīveṃ)

      • Marathi: जानवे (j̈ānve)
  • → Old Kannada: ಜನ್ನವಿರ (jannavira), ಜನ್ನವರ (jannavara)
    • Kannada: ಜನಿವಾರ (janivāra), ಜನಿಬಾರ (janibāra), ಜನ್ನಿವಾರ (jannivāra), ಜೆನಿವಾರ (jenivāra)
• → Bengali: যজ্ঞোপবিত (jôggopôbit)
• → Kannada: ಯಜ್ಞೋಪವೀತ (yajñōpavīta)
• → Tamil: யக்கியோபவீதம் (yakkiyōpavītam)