मुद्ग

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Sanskrit मु॒द्ग (mudgá)lbor.

Hindi मुद्ग (mudg)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मु॒द्ग (mudgá). Doublet of मूँग (mūṅg).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /mʊd̪.ɡᵊ/

Noun

मुद्ग • (mudga) m

1. (rare, formal) a cover, covering, lid
2. the mung bean (Vigna radiata)

Declension

Declension of मुद्ग (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	मुद्ग mudga	मुद्ग mudga
oblique	मुद्ग mudga	मुद्गों mudgõ
vocative	मुद्ग mudga	मुद्गो mudgo

Further reading

• Platts, John T. (1884) “मुद्ग”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মুদ্গ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬸᬤ᭄ᬕ (Balinese script)
• মুদ্গ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰲𑰟𑰿𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀕 (Brahmi script)
• မုဒ္ဂ (Burmese script)
• મુદ્ગ (Gujarati script)
• ਮੁਦ੍ਗ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑍁𑌦𑍍𑌗 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦸꦢ꧀ꦒ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂳𑂠𑂹𑂏 (Kaithi script)
• ಮುದ್ಗ (Kannada script)
• មុទ្គ (Khmer script)
• ມຸທ຺ຄ (Lao script)
• മുദ്ഗ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᡠᡩᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘳𑘟𑘿𑘐 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠤᢑᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧔𑦿𑧠𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐸𑐡𑑂𑐐 (Newa script)
• ମୁଦ୍ଗ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢸꢣ꣄ꢔ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆶𑆢𑇀𑆓 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖲𑖟𑖿𑖐 (Siddham script)
• මුද‍්ග (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩒𑩭 𑪙𑩞 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚰𑚛𑚶𑚌 (Takri script)
• முத்³க³ (Tamil script)
• ముద్గ (Telugu script)
• มุทฺค (Thai script)
• མུ་དྒ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨃𑨛𑩇𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mud.ɡɐ́/, [mud̚.ɡɐ́]
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmud̪.ɡɐ/, [ˈmud̪̚.ɡɐ]

Etymology 1

Unknown.

Petersson claims derivation from Proto-Indo-European via *muzgá, connecting this term and Sanskrit मुद्गर (mudgara, “hammer”) to Slavic, whence Old Czech možditi (“to smash”), Czech hmožditi, Russian можжи́ть (možžítʹ), мозжи́ть (mozžítʹ, “to beat, pound”), etc. ultimately a verbal derivation from Proto-Slavic *mozgь.

Burrow agrees that *muzgá is the original form, but relates the term to Sanskrit मसूर (masūra, “lentil”) and derived both from Dravidian; cf. Tamil முதிரை (mutirai, “pulse”).

The Uṇādisūtras (1.127) claim derivation from the root मुद् (mud, “rejoice, be happy”), but this is etymologically unjustified.

Also see मुद्गष्ठ (mudgaṣṭha, “kind of bean”), मुकुष्ठ (mukuṣṭha, “Vigna aconitifolia”), Prakrit *𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀭 (*maṭṭara, “Pisum sativum”).

Noun

मु॒द्ग • (mudgá) stem, m

1. the mung bean (Vigna radiata)
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मुद्ग (mudgá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मुद्गः mudgáḥ	मुद्गौ / मुद्गा¹ mudgaú / mudgā́¹	मुद्गाः / मुद्गासः¹ mudgā́ḥ / mudgā́saḥ¹
Vocative	मुद्ग múdga	मुद्गौ / मुद्गा¹ múdgau / múdgā¹	मुद्गाः / मुद्गासः¹ múdgāḥ / múdgāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मुद्गम् mudgám	मुद्गौ / मुद्गा¹ mudgaú / mudgā́¹	मुद्गान् mudgā́n
Instrumental	मुद्गेन mudgéna	मुद्गाभ्याम् mudgā́bhyām	मुद्गैः / मुद्गेभिः¹ mudgaíḥ / mudgébhiḥ¹
Dative	मुद्गाय mudgā́ya	मुद्गाभ्याम् mudgā́bhyām	मुद्गेभ्यः mudgébhyaḥ
Ablative	मुद्गात् mudgā́t	मुद्गाभ्याम् mudgā́bhyām	मुद्गेभ्यः mudgébhyaḥ
Genitive	मुद्गस्य mudgásya	मुद्गयोः mudgáyoḥ	मुद्गानाम् mudgā́nām
Locative	मुद्गे mudgé	मुद्गयोः mudgáyoḥ	मुद्गेषु mudgéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• मुद्गौदन (mudgaudana)

Descendants

• Pali: mugga
• Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕 (mugga) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

• → Hindi: मुद्ग (mudg) (learned)

Etymology 2

Probably extracted from समुद्ग (samudga, “round box”).

Noun

मुद्ग • (mudga) stem, m

1. a cover, covering, lid

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मुद्ग (mudga)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मुद्गः mudgaḥ	मुद्गौ / मुद्गा¹ mudgau / mudgā¹	मुद्गाः / मुद्गासः¹ mudgāḥ / mudgāsaḥ¹
Vocative	मुद्ग mudga	मुद्गौ / मुद्गा¹ mudgau / mudgā¹	मुद्गाः / मुद्गासः¹ mudgāḥ / mudgāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मुद्गम् mudgam	मुद्गौ / मुद्गा¹ mudgau / mudgā¹	मुद्गान् mudgān
Instrumental	मुद्गेन mudgena	मुद्गाभ्याम् mudgābhyām	मुद्गैः / मुद्गेभिः¹ mudgaiḥ / mudgebhiḥ¹
Dative	मुद्गाय mudgāya	मुद्गाभ्याम् mudgābhyām	मुद्गेभ्यः mudgebhyaḥ
Ablative	मुद्गात् mudgāt	मुद्गाभ्याम् mudgābhyām	मुद्गेभ्यः mudgebhyaḥ
Genitive	मुद्गस्य mudgasya	मुद्गयोः mudgayoḥ	मुद्गानाम् mudgānām
Locative	मुद्गे mudge	मुद्गयोः mudgayoḥ	मुद्गेषु mudgeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “मुद्ग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 822.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “मुद्ग”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan