पायस

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पायस (pāyasa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /pɑː.jəs/, [päː.jɐs]

Noun

पायस • (pāyas) m (Urdu spelling پایس)

1. emulsion
2. kheer

   Synonym: खीर (khīr)

Declension

Declension of पायस (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पायस pāyas	पायस pāyas
oblique	पायस pāyas	पायसों pāyasõ
vocative	पायस pāyas	पायसो pāyaso

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পায়স (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬵᬬᬲ (Balinese script)
• পায়স (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰯𑰧𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀸𑀬𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• ပါယသ (Burmese script)
• પાયસ (Gujarati script)
• ਪਾਯਸ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌾𑌯𑌸 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦴꦪꦱ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂰𑂨𑂮 (Kaithi script)
• ಪಾಯಸ (Kannada script)
• បាយស (Khmer script)
• ປາຍສ (Lao script)
• പായസ (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠶᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘰𑘧𑘭 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᢗᠶ᠋ᠠᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧑𑧇𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐵𑐫𑐳 (Newa script)
• ପାଯସ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢵꢫꢱ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆳𑆪𑆱 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖯𑖧𑖭 (Siddham script)
• පායස (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩛𑩻𑪁 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚭𑚣𑚨 (Takri script)
• பாயஸ (Tamil script)
• పాయస (Telugu script)
• ปายส (Thai script)
• པཱ་ཡ་ས (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒰𑒨𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨊𑨪𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Vṛddhi derivative of पयस् (páyas, “milk”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɑ́ː.jɐ.sɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑː.jɐ.s̪ɐ/

Adjective

पायस • (pā́yasa) stem

1. any item made from milk

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पायस (pā́yasa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पायसः pā́yasaḥ	पायसौ / पायसा¹ pā́yasau / pā́yasā¹	पायसाः / पायसासः¹ pā́yasāḥ / pā́yasāsaḥ¹
Vocative	पायस pā́yasa	पायसौ / पायसा¹ pā́yasau / pā́yasā¹	पायसाः / पायसासः¹ pā́yasāḥ / pā́yasāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पायसम् pā́yasam	पायसौ / पायसा¹ pā́yasau / pā́yasā¹	पायसान् pā́yasān
Instrumental	पायसेन pā́yasena	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसैः / पायसेभिः¹ pā́yasaiḥ / pā́yasebhiḥ¹
Dative	पायसाय pā́yasāya	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसेभ्यः pā́yasebhyaḥ
Ablative	पायसात् pā́yasāt	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसेभ्यः pā́yasebhyaḥ
Genitive	पायसस्य pā́yasasya	पायसयोः pā́yasayoḥ	पायसानाम् pā́yasānām
Locative	पायसे pā́yase	पायसयोः pā́yasayoḥ	पायसेषु pā́yaseṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of पायसी (pā́yasī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पायसी pā́yasī	पायस्यौ / पायसी¹ pā́yasyau / pā́yasī¹	पायस्यः / पायसीः¹ pā́yasyaḥ / pā́yasīḥ¹
Vocative	पायसि pā́yasi	पायस्यौ / पायसी¹ pā́yasyau / pā́yasī¹	पायस्यः / पायसीः¹ pā́yasyaḥ / pā́yasīḥ¹
Accusative	पायसीम् pā́yasīm	पायस्यौ / पायसी¹ pā́yasyau / pā́yasī¹	पायसीः pā́yasīḥ
Instrumental	पायस्या pā́yasyā	पायसीभ्याम् pā́yasībhyām	पायसीभिः pā́yasībhiḥ
Dative	पायस्यै pā́yasyai	पायसीभ्याम् pā́yasībhyām	पायसीभ्यः pā́yasībhyaḥ
Ablative	पायस्याः / पायस्यै² pā́yasyāḥ / pā́yasyai²	पायसीभ्याम् pā́yasībhyām	पायसीभ्यः pā́yasībhyaḥ
Genitive	पायस्याः / पायस्यै² pā́yasyāḥ / pā́yasyai²	पायस्योः pā́yasyoḥ	पायसीनाम् pā́yasīnām
Locative	पायस्याम् pā́yasyām	पायस्योः pā́yasyoḥ	पायसीषु pā́yasīṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of पायस (pā́yasa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पायसम् pā́yasam	पायसे pā́yase	पायसानि / पायसा¹ pā́yasāni / pā́yasā¹
Vocative	पायस pā́yasa	पायसे pā́yase	पायसानि / पायसा¹ pā́yasāni / pā́yasā¹
Accusative	पायसम् pā́yasam	पायसे pā́yase	पायसानि / पायसा¹ pā́yasāni / pā́yasā¹
Instrumental	पायसेन pā́yasena	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसैः / पायसेभिः¹ pā́yasaiḥ / pā́yasebhiḥ¹
Dative	पायसाय pā́yasāya	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसेभ्यः pā́yasebhyaḥ
Ablative	पायसात् pā́yasāt	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसेभ्यः pā́yasebhyaḥ
Genitive	पायसस्य pā́yasasya	पायसयोः pā́yasayoḥ	पायसानाम् pā́yasānām
Locative	पायसे pā́yase	पायसयोः pā́yasayoḥ	पायसेषु pā́yaseṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

पायस • (pā́yasa) stem, n

1. milk

   Synonyms: निर्यास (niryāsa), क्षीर (kṣīra), दुग्ध (dugdha)

   • c. 500 CE, Raghuvaṃśa 2.63:

     मां केवालानां पायसां प्रसूतिम प्रसन्नां कामदुघां अवेहि न

     māṃ kevālānāṃ pāyasāṃ prasūtima prasannāṃ kāmadughāṃ avehi na

     As a mere (cow) producer or milk you ought to know me not, but as a granter of any desired thing if (I am) being pleased

2. food prepared with milk, especially boiled rice
3. the resin of the Pinus Longifolia
4. juice or sap in general

   Synonym: रस (rasa)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पायस (pā́yasa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पायसम् pā́yasam	पायसे pā́yase	पायसानि / पायसा¹ pā́yasāni / pā́yasā¹
Vocative	पायस pā́yasa	पायसे pā́yase	पायसानि / पायसा¹ pā́yasāni / pā́yasā¹
Accusative	पायसम् pā́yasam	पायसे pā́yase	पायसानि / पायसा¹ pā́yasāni / pā́yasā¹
Instrumental	पायसेन pā́yasena	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसैः / पायसेभिः¹ pā́yasaiḥ / pā́yasebhiḥ¹
Dative	पायसाय pā́yasāya	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसेभ्यः pā́yasebhyaḥ
Ablative	पायसात् pā́yasāt	पायसाभ्याम् pā́yasābhyām	पायसेभ्यः pā́yasebhyaḥ
Genitive	पायसस्य pā́yasasya	पायसयोः pā́yasayoḥ	पायसानाम् pā́yasānām
Locative	पायसे pā́yase	पायसयोः pā́yasayoḥ	पायसेषु pā́yaseṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• पायसापूप (pāyasāpūpa, “a type of cake made with milk and rice”)
• पायसिक (pāyasika, “fond of boiled milk”)
• पायसापिण्डारक (pāyasāpiṇḍāraka, “a monk or mendicant surviving on milk-derived products such as boiled rice”)

Descendants

• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: පයස් (payas)
• Khasa Prakrit:
  • Garhwali: पाइस (pāis)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀬𑀲 (pāyasa)
  • Assamese: পাহ (pah)
    • ⇒ Assamese: পাহ-ভাত (pah-bhat)
• Pali: pāyasa, pāyāsa
• → Assamese: পায়স (payox) (learned)
• → Bengali: পায়স (paẏoś), পায়েস (paẏes) (learned)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: पायस (pāyas) (learned)

  Urdu: پایس (pāyas) (learned)

• → Kannada: ಪಾಯಸ (pāyasa) (learned)
• → Konkani: पायस (pāyas) (learned)
• → Malayalam: പായസം (pāyasaṁ) (learned)
• → Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠄꠡ (faeś) (learned) (probably through Bengali)
• → Tamil: பாயசம் (pāyacam) (learned)
• → Telugu: పాయసం (pāyasaṁ) (learned)

See also

• पीयते (pīyate)
• पयस (payasa)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पायस”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 619.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pāyasa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press