दुग्ध
See also: देग्धि
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá). Doublet of दूध (dūdh).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]दुग्ध • (dugdh) m (Urdu spelling دگدهہ)
Declension
[edit]Declension of दुग्ध (masc cons-stem)
Adjective
[edit]दुग्ध • (dugdh)
- of or relating to milk/dairy
- दुग्ध चूर्ण ― dugdh cūrṇ ― milk powder
- milked
References
[edit]- Platts, John T. (1884) “दुग्ध”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “दुग्ध”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “दुग्ध”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “दुग्ध”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “दुग्ध”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- দুগ্ধ (Assamese script)
- ᬤᬸᬕ᭄ᬥ (Balinese script)
- দুগ্ধ (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰲𑰐𑰿𑰠 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀥 (Brahmi script)
- ဒုဂ္ဓ (Burmese script)
- દુગ્ધ (Gujarati script)
- ਦੁਗ੍ਧ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑍁𑌗𑍍𑌧 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦸꦒ꧀ꦣ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑂳𑂏𑂹𑂡 (Kaithi script)
- ದುಗ್ಧ (Kannada script)
- ទុគ្ធ (Khmer script)
- ທຸຄ຺ຘ (Lao script)
- ദുഗ്ധ (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᡠᡤᢡᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘳𑘐𑘿𑘠 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠤᠺᢑᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧔𑦰𑧠𑧀 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑐸𑐐𑑂𑐢 (Newa script)
- ଦୁଗ୍ଧ (Odia script)
- ꢣꢸꢔ꣄ꢤ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑆶𑆓𑇀𑆣 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖲𑖐𑖿𑖠 (Siddham script)
- දුග්ධ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭𑩒𑩞 𑪙𑩮 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚰𑚌𑚶𑚜 (Takri script)
- து³க்³த⁴ (Tamil script)
- దుగ్ధ (Telugu script)
- ทุคฺธ (Thai script)
- དུ་གྡྷ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑒳𑒑𑓂𑒡 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑨃𑨍𑩇𑨜 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s[1] from *dʰewgʰ- (“to be yield”). Synchronically analyzable as the past passive participle of the root of दोग्धि (dógdhi, “to milk”).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Participle
[edit]- past passive participle of दुह् (duh)
- milked, milked out, extracted
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.97.11:
- अध॒ धार॑या॒ मध्वा॑ पृचा॒नस्ति॒रो रोम॑ पवते॒ अद्रि॑दुग्धः।
इन्दु॒रिन्द्र॑स्य स॒ख्यं जु॑षा॒णो दे॒वो दे॒वस्य॑ मत्स॒रो मदा॑य॥- ádha dhā́rayā mádhvā pṛcānástiró róma pavate ádridugdhaḥ.
índuríndrasya sakhyáṃ juṣāṇó devó devásya matsaró mádāya. - Milked forth by the stones the Soma flows through the sheep's hair coming into contact with the gods with its sweet-flavoured stream; the divine exhilarating Indu desiring the friendship of Indra flows for the exhilaration of the deity.
- ádha dhā́rayā mádhvā pṛcānástiró róma pavate ádridugdhaḥ.
- अध॒ धार॑या॒ मध्वा॑ पृचा॒नस्ति॒रो रोम॑ पवते॒ अद्रि॑दुग्धः।
- sucked out, impoverished
- milked together, accumulated, filled, full
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | दुग्धः (dugdháḥ) | दुग्धौ (dugdhaú) दुग्धा¹ (dugdhā́¹) |
दुग्धाः (dugdhā́ḥ) दुग्धासः¹ (dugdhā́saḥ¹) |
| vocative | दुग्ध (dúgdha) | दुग्धौ (dúgdhau) दुग्धा¹ (dúgdhā¹) |
दुग्धाः (dúgdhāḥ) दुग्धासः¹ (dúgdhāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | दुग्धम् (dugdhám) | दुग्धौ (dugdhaú) दुग्धा¹ (dugdhā́¹) |
दुग्धान् (dugdhā́n) |
| instrumental | दुग्धेन (dugdhéna) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धैः (dugdhaíḥ) दुग्धेभिः¹ (dugdhébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | दुग्धाय (dugdhā́ya) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धेभ्यः (dugdhébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | दुग्धात् (dugdhā́t) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धेभ्यः (dugdhébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | दुग्धस्य (dugdhásya) | दुग्धयोः (dugdháyoḥ) | दुग्धानाम् (dugdhā́nām) |
| locative | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धयोः (dugdháyoḥ) | दुग्धेषु (dugdhéṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | दुग्धा (dugdhā́) | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धाः (dugdhā́ḥ) |
| vocative | दुग्धे (dúgdhe) | दुग्धे (dúgdhe) | दुग्धाः (dúgdhāḥ) |
| accusative | दुग्धाम् (dugdhā́m) | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धाः (dugdhā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | दुग्धया (dugdháyā) दुग्धा¹ (dugdhā́¹) |
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धाभिः (dugdhā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | दुग्धायै (dugdhā́yai) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धाभ्यः (dugdhā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | दुग्धायाः (dugdhā́yāḥ) दुग्धायै² (dugdhā́yai²) |
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धाभ्यः (dugdhā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | दुग्धायाः (dugdhā́yāḥ) दुग्धायै² (dugdhā́yai²) |
दुग्धयोः (dugdháyoḥ) | दुग्धानाम् (dugdhā́nām) |
| locative | दुग्धायाम् (dugdhā́yām) | दुग्धयोः (dugdháyoḥ) | दुग्धासु (dugdhā́su) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | दुग्धम् (dugdhám) | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धानि (dugdhā́ni) दुग्धा¹ (dugdhā́¹) |
| vocative | दुग्ध (dúgdha) | दुग्धे (dúgdhe) | दुग्धानि (dúgdhāni) दुग्धा¹ (dúgdhā¹) |
| accusative | दुग्धम् (dugdhám) | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धानि (dugdhā́ni) दुग्धा¹ (dugdhā́¹) |
| instrumental | दुग्धेन (dugdhéna) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धैः (dugdhaíḥ) दुग्धेभिः¹ (dugdhébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | दुग्धाय (dugdhā́ya) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धेभ्यः (dugdhébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | दुग्धात् (dugdhā́t) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धेभ्यः (dugdhébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | दुग्धस्य (dugdhásya) | दुग्धयोः (dugdháyoḥ) | दुग्धानाम् (dugdhā́nām) |
| locative | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धयोः (dugdháyoḥ) | दुग्धेषु (dugdhéṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]दुग्ध • (dugdhá) stem, n (root दुह्)
- milk
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.19.4:
- प्रि॒यं दु॒ग्धं न काम्य॒मजा॑मि जा॒म्योः सचा॑। घ॒र्मो न वाज॑जठ॒रोऽद॑ब्धः॒ शश्व॑तो॒ दभः॑॥
- priyáṃ dugdháṃ ná kā́myamájāmi jāmyóḥ sácā. gharmó ná vā́jajaṭharóʼdabdhaḥ śáśvato dábhaḥ.
- May Agni with his two relatives, heaven and earth, hear this faultless praise, acceptable as milk; he who, like the mixed oblation, is filled with food, and unsubsdued, is ever the subduer of his foes.
- प्रि॒यं दु॒ग्धं न काम्य॒मजा॑मि जा॒म्योः सचा॑। घ॒र्मो न वाज॑जठ॒रोऽद॑ब्धः॒ शश्व॑तो॒ दभः॑॥
- c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.2.10.2:
- श्वेतायै श्वेतवत्सायै दुग्धं मथितमाज्यमभवत्यज्यं प्रोक्षणमाज्येन मार्जयन्ते...
- śvetāyai śvetavatsāyai dugdhaṃ mathitamājyamabhavatyajyaṃ prokṣaṇamājyena mārjayante...
- The butter is churned from the milk of a white (cow) with a white calf; butter is used for the sprinkling, and they purify themselves with butter...
- श्वेतायै श्वेतवत्सायै दुग्धं मथितमाज्यमभवत्यज्यं प्रोक्षणमाज्येन मार्जयन्ते...
- the milky juice of plants, sap
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | दुग्धम् (dugdhám) | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धानि (dugdhā́ni) दुग्धा¹ (dugdhā́¹) |
| vocative | दुग्ध (dúgdha) | दुग्धे (dúgdhe) | दुग्धानि (dúgdhāni) दुग्धा¹ (dúgdhā¹) |
| accusative | दुग्धम् (dugdhám) | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धानि (dugdhā́ni) दुग्धा¹ (dugdhā́¹) |
| instrumental | दुग्धेन (dugdhéna) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धैः (dugdhaíḥ) दुग्धेभिः¹ (dugdhébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | दुग्धाय (dugdhā́ya) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धेभ्यः (dugdhébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | दुग्धात् (dugdhā́t) | दुग्धाभ्याम् (dugdhā́bhyām) | दुग्धेभ्यः (dugdhébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | दुग्धस्य (dugdhásya) | दुग्धयोः (dugdháyoḥ) | दुग्धानाम् (dugdhā́nām) |
| locative | दुग्धे (dugdhé) | दुग्धयोः (dugdháyoḥ) | दुग्धेषु (dugdhéṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
[edit]- गोदुग्ध (godugdha)
Descendants
[edit]- Rajbanshi: दुऩि (dunhi)
- Kashmiri: دۄد (dọd)
- Pali: duddha
- Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha) (see there for further descendants)
- → Bengali: দুগ্ধ (dugdho)
- → Hindi: दुग्ध (dugdh) (learned)
- → Kannada: ದುಗ್ಧ (dugdha)
- → Tamil: துத்தம் (tuttam)
References
[edit]- ^ Goto, Toshifumi (2013) Old Indo-Aryan Morphology and its Indo-Iranian Background (Veroffentlichungen zur Iranistik; 60)[1], Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, →ISBN, § 3.8.3. verbal adjectives, page 139
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 747
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “दुग्ध”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0483/3.
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewgʰ-
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *dʰawgʰ-
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi doublets
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi formal terms
- Hindi terms with collocations
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Hindi adjectives
- hi:Beverages
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root दुह्
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit non-lemma forms
- Sanskrit participles
- Sanskrit participles in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns