जयति
Appearance
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
Verb
[edit]जयति (root ji, first conjugation)
- Devanagari script form of jayati, which is an alternative form of जेति (jeti, “to win”), which see for further information.
Adjective
[edit]जयति (jayati)
- Devanagari script form of jayati, which is masculine and neuter locative singular of जयन्त् (jayant), present participle of the verb above
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- জয়তি (Assamese script)
- ᬚᬬᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
- জয়তি (Bengali script)
- 𑰕𑰧𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀚𑀬𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဇယတိ (Burmese script)
- જયતિ (Gujarati script)
- ਜਯਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌜𑌯𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦗꦪꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂔𑂨𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಜಯತಿ (Kannada script)
- ជយតិ (Khmer script)
- ຊຍຕິ (Lao script)
- ജയതി (Malayalam script)
- ᡯᠠᠶᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘕𑘧𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠽᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦵𑧇𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐖𑐫𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଜଯତି (Odia script)
- ꢙꢫꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆘𑆪𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖕𑖧𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
- ජයති (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩣𑩻𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚑𑚣𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
- ஜயதி (Tamil script)
- జయతి (Telugu script)
- ชยติ (Thai script)
- ཛ་ཡ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒖𑒨𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨥𑨪𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́áyati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰáyati, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéy-e-ti, from *gʷey- (“to win, conquer”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βῐ́ᾱ (bíā, “force”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]जयति • (jáyati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, present, root जि)
- to conquer, defeat, vanquish, win
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.50.9:
- अप्र॑तीतो जयति॒ सं धना॑नि॒ प्रति॑जन्यान्यु॒त या सज॑न्या।
अ॒व॒स्यवे॒ यो वरि॑वः कृ॒णोति॑ ब्र॒ह्मणे॒ राजा॒ तम॑वन्ति दे॒वाः॥- ápratīto jayati sáṃ dhánāni prátijanyānyutá yā́ sájanyā.
avasyáve yó várivaḥ kṛṇóti brahmáṇe rā́jā támavanti devā́ḥ. - He, unopposed, is master of the riches of his own subjects and of hostile people.
The Gods uphold that King with their protection who helps the Brahman when he seeks his favour.
- ápratīto jayati sáṃ dhánāni prátijanyānyutá yā́ sájanyā.
- अप्र॑तीतो जयति॒ सं धना॑नि॒ प्रति॑जन्यान्यु॒त या सज॑न्या।
- to acquire, gain
- to overcome
- to expel from
- "long live"
Conjugation
[edit]Present: जयति (jáyati), जयते (jáyate) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active | Mediopassive | ||||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Indicative | |||||||
Third | जयति jáyati |
जयतः jáyataḥ |
जयन्ति jáyanti |
जयते jáyate |
जयेते jáyete |
जयन्ते jáyante | |
Second | जयसि jáyasi |
जयथः jáyathaḥ |
जयथ jáyatha |
जयसे jáyase |
जयेथे jáyethe |
जयध्वे jáyadhve | |
First | जयामि jáyāmi |
जयावः jáyāvaḥ |
जयामः / जयामसि¹ jáyāmaḥ / jáyāmasi¹ |
जये jáye |
जयावहे jáyāvahe |
जयामहे jáyāmahe | |
Imperative | |||||||
Third | जयतु jáyatu |
जयताम् jáyatām |
जयन्तु jáyantu |
जयताम् jáyatām |
जयेताम् jáyetām |
जयन्ताम् jáyantām | |
Second | जय jáya |
जयतम् jáyatam |
जयत jáyata |
जयस्व jáyasva |
जयेथाम् jáyethām |
जयध्वम् jáyadhvam | |
First | जयानि jáyāni |
जयाव jáyāva |
जयाम jáyāma |
जयै jáyai |
जयावहै jáyāvahai |
जयामहै jáyāmahai | |
Optative/Potential | |||||||
Third | जयेत् jáyet |
जयेताम् jáyetām |
जयेयुः jáyeyuḥ |
जयेत jáyeta |
जयेयाताम् jáyeyātām |
जयेरन् jáyeran | |
Second | जयेः jáyeḥ |
जयेतम् jáyetam |
जयेत jáyeta |
जयेथाः jáyethāḥ |
जयेयाथाम् jáyeyāthām |
जयेध्वम् jáyedhvam | |
First | जयेयम् jáyeyam |
जयेव jáyeva |
जयेम jáyema |
जयेय jáyeya |
जयेवहि jáyevahi |
जयेमहि jáyemahi | |
Subjunctive | |||||||
Third | जयात् / जयाति jáyāt / jáyāti |
जयातः jáyātaḥ |
जयान् jáyān |
जयाते / जयातै jáyāte / jáyātai |
जयैते jáyaite |
जयन्त / जयान्तै jáyanta / jáyāntai | |
Second | जयाः / जयासि jáyāḥ / jáyāsi |
जयाथः jáyāthaḥ |
जयाथ jáyātha |
जयासे / जयासै jáyāse / jáyāsai |
जयैथे jáyaithe |
जयाध्वै jáyādhvai | |
First | जयानि jáyāni |
जयाव jáyāva |
जयाम jáyāma |
जयै jáyai |
जयावहै jáyāvahai |
जयामहै jáyāmahai | |
Participles | |||||||
जयत् jáyat |
जयमान jáyamāna | ||||||
Notes |
|
Imperfect: अजयत् (ájayat), अजयत (ájayata) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active | Mediopassive | |||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Indicative | ||||||
Third | अजयत् ájayat |
अजयताम् ájayatām |
अजयन् ájayan |
अजयत ájayata |
अजयेताम् ájayetām |
अजयन्त ájayanta |
Second | अजयः ájayaḥ |
अजयतम् ájayatam |
अजयत ájayata |
अजयथाः ájayathāḥ |
अजयेथाम् ájayethām |
अजयध्वम् ájayadhvam |
First | अजयम् ájayam |
अजयाव ájayāva |
अजयाम ájayāma |
अजये ájaye |
अजयावहि ájayāvahi |
अजयामहि ájayāmahi |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “जयति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 420.
Categories:
- Pali terms belonging to the root ji
- Pali lemmas
- Pali verbs
- Pali verbs in Devanagari script
- Pali first conjugation verbs
- Pali non-lemma forms
- Pali adjective forms
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷey-
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root जि
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit verbs
- Sanskrit class 1 verbs
- Sanskrit parasmaipada verbs
- Sanskrit present verbs
- Sanskrit verbs in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations