चौताल

Hindi

Etymology

PIE word
*kʷetwóres

Inherited from Sanskrit चतुस्ताल (catustāla). By surface analysis, चौ- (cau-, “four”) +‎ ताल (tāl, “rhythm, beat”). Related to چَوْتَالَا (cavtālā) / चौताला (cautālā). Compare Nepali चौताल (cautāl), Punjabi ਚੌਤਾਲ (cautāl) / چَوْتال (cautāl), Gujarati ચોતાલ (cotāl), Odia ଚଉତାଳ (cautāḷa), ଚଉତାଲା (cautālā), Bengali চৌতাল (cōutal), চৌতালা (cōutala).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɔː.t̪ɑːl/, [t͡ʃɔː.t̪äːl]

Noun

चौताल • (cautāl) m (Urdu spelling چَوْتَال)

1. (Hindustani classical music) chowtal (four-beat rhythmic pattern)
2. chowtal (song sung during Holi)

Declension

Declension of चौताल (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	चौताल cautāl	चौताल cautāl
oblique	चौताल cautāl	चौतालों cautālõ
vocative	चौताल cautāl	चौतालो cautālo

Descendants

• ⇒ Old Marathi: cautāḷaṇe

  Devanagari script: चौताळणे

  Modi script: 𑘓𑘼𑘝𑘰𑘯𑘜𑘹

  • Marathi: चवताळणे (cavtāḷṇe)

Further reading

• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “चौ”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “चौताल”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 1596
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चौ-”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 332
• Platts, John T. (1884) “चौ”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 447
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “catustāla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 252