करुणा
Appearance
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]करुणा • (karuṇā) f (Urdu spelling کرنا)
- compassion, pity, kindness, mercy
- महात्मा गाँधी प्रेम और करुणा के प्रतिरूप थे।
- mahātmā gāndhī prem aur karuṇā ke pratirūp the.
- Mahatma Gandhi was a model of love and compassion.
Declension
[edit]Declension of करुणा (fem ā-stem)
References
[edit]- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “करुणा”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “करुणा”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
- “करुणा”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “करुणा”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “करुणा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884) “करुणा”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]करुणा • (karuṇā) f
- compassion, kindness
- Synonym: दया (dayā)
Declension
[edit]Declension of करुणा (fem ā-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
करुणा karuṇā | ||
direct plural |
करुणा karuṇā | ||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
nominative प्रथमा |
करुणा karuṇā |
करुणा karuṇā | |
oblique सामान्यरूप |
करुणे karuṇe |
करुणां- karuṇān- | |
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
करुणेला karuṇelā |
करुणांना karuṇānnā | |
ergative | करुणेने, करुणेनं karuṇene, karuṇena |
करुणांनी karuṇānnī | |
instrumental | करुणेशी karuṇeśī |
करुणांशी karuṇānśī | |
locative सप्तमी |
करुणेत karuṇet |
करुणांत karuṇāt | |
vocative संबोधन |
करुणे karuṇe |
करुणांनो karuṇānno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of करुणा (fem ā-stem) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
करुणेचा karuṇeċā |
करुणेचे karuṇeċe |
करुणेची karuṇecī |
करुणेच्या karuṇecā |
करुणेचे, करुणेचं karuṇeċe, karuṇeċa |
करुणेची karuṇecī |
करुणेच्या karuṇecā | |
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
करुणांचा karuṇānċā |
करुणांचे karuṇānċe |
करुणांची karuṇāñcī |
करुणांच्या karuṇāncā |
करुणांचे, करुणांचं karuṇānċe, karuṇānċa |
करुणांची karuṇāñcī |
करुणांच्या karuṇāñcā | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
References
[edit]- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “करुणा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- কৰুণা (Assamese script)
- ᬓᬭᬸᬡᬵ (Balinese script)
- করুণা (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰨𑰲𑰜𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ကရုဏာ (Burmese script)
- કરુણા (Gujarati script)
- ਕਰੁਣਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑌰𑍁𑌣𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦏꦫꦸꦟꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂩𑂳𑂝𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಕರುಣಾ (Kannada script)
- ករុណា (Khmer script)
- ກຣຸຓາ (Lao script)
- കരുണാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠠᡵᡠᢏᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘨𑘳𑘜𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠠᠷᠤᢏᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧈𑧔𑦼𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐬𑐸𑐞𑐵 (Newa script)
- କରୁଣା (Odia script)
- ꢒꢬꢸꢠꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆫𑆶𑆟𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖨𑖲𑖜𑖯 (Siddham script)
- කරුණා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜𑩼𑩒𑩪𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚤𑚰𑚘𑚭 (Takri script)
- கருணா (Tamil script)
- కరుణా (Telugu script)
- กรุณา (Thai script)
- ཀ་རུ་ཎཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒩𑒳𑒝𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑨫𑨃𑨘𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]करुणा • (karuṇā) stem, f
Declension
[edit]singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | करुणा (karuṇā) | करुणे (karuṇe) | करुणाः (karuṇāḥ) |
vocative | करुणे (karuṇe) | करुणे (karuṇe) | करुणाः (karuṇāḥ) |
accusative | करुणाम् (karuṇām) | करुणे (karuṇe) | करुणाः (karuṇāḥ) |
instrumental | करुणया (karuṇayā) करुणा¹ (karuṇā¹) |
करुणाभ्याम् (karuṇābhyām) | करुणाभिः (karuṇābhiḥ) |
dative | करुणायै (karuṇāyai) | करुणाभ्याम् (karuṇābhyām) | करुणाभ्यः (karuṇābhyaḥ) |
ablative | करुणायाः (karuṇāyāḥ) करुणायै² (karuṇāyai²) |
करुणाभ्याम् (karuṇābhyām) | करुणाभ्यः (karuṇābhyaḥ) |
genitive | करुणायाः (karuṇāyāḥ) करुणायै² (karuṇāyai²) |
करुणयोः (karuṇayoḥ) | करुणानाम् (karuṇānām) |
locative | करुणायाम् (karuṇāyām) | करुणयोः (karuṇayoḥ) | करुणासु (karuṇāsu) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Descendants
[edit]Borrowed terms
- → Hindi: करुणा (karuṇā) (learned)
- → Kannada: ಕರುಣ (karuṇa)
- → Malayalam: കരുണ (karuṇa)
- → Old Javanese: karuṇā, karuṇa
- → Tamil: கருணை (karuṇai) (learned)
- → Telugu: కరుణ (karuṇa)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “करुणा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 255.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “karuna”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 142
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi feminine nouns
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi feminine ā-stem nouns
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi feminine nouns
- Marathi nouns with declension
- Marathi feminine ā-stem nouns
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit feminine nouns
- Sanskrit ā-stem nouns