karuṇā

See also: karuna, Karuna, karūna, and karūną

Old Javanese

Alternative forms

• karuṇa

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka.ru.na/
• Rhymes: -na
• Homophone: karuṇa
• Hyphenation: ka‧ru‧ṇā

Noun

karuṇā

1. compassion, pity, sympathy
2. favour
3. grief, sadness, sorrow
4. crying, weeping

Adjective

karuṇā

1. pitiful
2. sad, sorrowful

Derived terms

• karuṇacitta
• karuṇādidhāraṇa
• karuṇātmaka

 

Descendants

• > Javanese: ꦏꦫꦸꦤ (karuna) (inherited)

Further reading

• "karuṇā" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• करुणा (Devanagari script)
• করুণা (Bengali script)
• කරුණා (Sinhalese script)
• ကရုဏာ or ၵရုꧣႃ (Burmese script)
• กรุณา or กะรุณา (Thai script)
• ᨠᩁᩩᨱᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ກຣຸຓາ or ກະຣຸຓາ (Lao script)
• ករុណា (Khmer script)
• 𑄇𑄢𑄪𑄕𑄂 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā). Cognate with Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸 (karuṇā), 𑀓𑀮𑀼𑀡𑀸 (kaluṇā), Gandhari 𐨐𐨪𐨂𐨣 (karuna).

Noun

karuṇā f

1. pity, compassion

Declension

Declension table of "karuṇā" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	karuṇā	karuṇāyo or karuṇā
Accusative (second)	karuṇaṃ	karuṇāyo or karuṇā
Instrumental (third)	karuṇāya	karuṇāhi or karuṇābhi
Dative (fourth)	karuṇāya	karuṇānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	karuṇāya	karuṇāhi or karuṇābhi
Genitive (sixth)	karuṇāya	karuṇānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	karuṇāya or karuṇāyaṃ	karuṇāsu
Vocative (calling)	karuṇe	karuṇāyo or karuṇā

References

• Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “karuṇā”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead, page 197
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “káruṇā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 142