इच्छति
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Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ইচ্ছতি (Assamese script)
- ᬇᬘ᭄ᬙᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
- ইচ্ছতি (Bengali script)
- 𑰂𑰓𑰿𑰔𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဣစ္ဆတိ (Burmese script)
- ઇચ્છતિ (Gujarati script)
- ਇਚ੍ਛਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌇𑌚𑍍𑌛𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦆꦕ꧀ꦖꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂅𑂒𑂹𑂓𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಇಚ್ಛತಿ (Kannada script)
- ឥច្ឆតិ (Khmer script)
- ອິຈ຺ຉຕິ (Lao script)
- ഇച്ഛതി (Malayalam script)
- ᡳᢜᡮᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘂𑘓𑘿𑘔𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠢᢋᠼᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦢𑦳𑧠𑦴𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐂𑐔𑑂𑐕𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଇଚ୍ଛତି (Odia script)
- ꢄꢗ꣄ꢘꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆅𑆖𑇀𑆗𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖂𑖓𑖿𑖔𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
- ඉච්ඡති (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩑𑩡 𑪙𑩢𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚂𑚏𑚶𑚐𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
- இச்ச²தி (Tamil script)
- ఇచ్ఛతి (Telugu script)
- อิจฺฉติ (Thai script)
- ཨི་ཙྪ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒃𑒔𑓂𑒕𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨁𑨣𑩇𑨤𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hišćáti (“to wish”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂i-sḱé-ti, from *h₂eys- (“to wish, desire, want”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬌𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (isaiti), Proto-Slavic *jьskati (whence Russian искать (iskatʹ), Bulgarian и́скам (ískam), Old Church Slavonic искати (iskati)), Lithuanian ieškoti, Old Armenian հայց (haycʻ).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Vedic) IPA(key): /it.t͡ɕʰɐ́.ti/, [it̚.t͡ɕʰɐ́.ti]
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ˈit̪.t͡ɕʰɐ.t̪i/, [ˈit̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ.t̪i]
Verb
[edit]इच्छति • (iccháti) third-singular indicative (class 6, type P, present, root इष्)
- to desire, wish, long for
- to search, seek
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.108.1:
- किम्इच्छन्ती॑ स॒रमा॒ प्रेदमा॑नड्दू॒रे ह्यध्वा॒ जगु॑रिः परा॒चैः।
कास्मेहि॑ति॒: का परि॑तक्म्यासीत्क॒थं र॒साया॑ अतर॒: पयां॑सि॥- kímícchántī sarámā prédámānaḍdūré hyádhvā jáguriḥ parācaíḥ.
kā́sméhiti: kā́ páritakmyāsītkatháṃ rasā́yā atara: páyāṃsi. - Seeking what has Saramā arrived here, for far is the road, swallowing up the traveler in the distance?
What is your mission to us? What was the final turn bringing you here? How did you cross the waters of the Rasā?.
- kímícchántī sarámā prédámānaḍdūré hyádhvā jáguriḥ parācaíḥ.
- किम्इच्छन्ती॑ स॒रमा॒ प्रेदमा॑नड्दू॒रे ह्यध्वा॒ जगु॑रिः परा॒चैः।
Conjugation
[edit]Present: इच्छति (iccháti), इच्छते (iccháte) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active | Mediopassive | ||||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Indicative | |||||||
Third | इच्छति iccháti |
इच्छतः icchátaḥ |
इच्छन्ति icchánti |
इच्छते iccháte |
इच्छेते icchéte |
इच्छन्ते icchánte | |
Second | इच्छसि icchási |
इच्छथः iccháthaḥ |
इच्छथ icchátha |
इच्छसे iccháse |
इच्छेथे icchéthe |
इच्छध्वे icchádhve | |
First | इच्छामि icchā́mi |
इच्छावः icchā́vaḥ |
इच्छामः / इच्छामसि¹ icchā́maḥ / icchā́masi¹ |
इच्छे icché |
इच्छावहे icchā́vahe |
इच्छामहे icchā́mahe | |
Imperative | |||||||
Third | इच्छतु icchátu |
इच्छताम् icchátām |
इच्छन्तु icchántu |
इच्छताम् icchátām |
इच्छेताम् icchétām |
इच्छन्ताम् icchántām | |
Second | इच्छ icchá |
इच्छतम् icchátam |
इच्छत iccháta |
इच्छस्व icchásva |
इच्छेथाम् icchéthām |
इच्छध्वम् icchádhvam | |
First | इच्छानि icchā́ni |
इच्छाव icchā́va |
इच्छाम icchā́ma |
इच्छै icchaí |
इच्छावहै icchā́vahai |
इच्छामहै icchā́mahai | |
Optative/Potential | |||||||
Third | इच्छेत् icchét |
इच्छेताम् icchétām |
इच्छेयुः icchéyuḥ |
इच्छेत icchéta |
इच्छेयाताम् icchéyātām |
इच्छेरन् icchéran | |
Second | इच्छेः icchéḥ |
इच्छेतम् icchétam |
इच्छेत icchéta |
इच्छेथाः icchéthāḥ |
इच्छेयाथाम् icchéyāthām |
इच्छेध्वम् icchédhvam | |
First | इच्छेयम् icchéyam |
इच्छेव icchéva |
इच्छेम icchéma |
इच्छेय icchéya |
इच्छेवहि icchévahi |
इच्छेमहि icchémahi | |
Subjunctive | |||||||
Third | इच्छात् / इच्छाति icchā́t / icchā́ti |
इच्छातः icchā́taḥ |
इच्छान् icchā́n |
इच्छाते / इच्छातै icchā́te / icchā́tai |
इच्छैते icchaíte |
इच्छन्त / इच्छान्तै icchánta / icchā́ntai | |
Second | इच्छाः / इच्छासि icchā́ḥ / icchā́si |
इच्छाथः icchā́thaḥ |
इच्छाथ icchā́tha |
इच्छासे / इच्छासै icchā́se / icchā́sai |
इच्छैथे icchaíthe |
इच्छाध्वै icchā́dhvai | |
First | इच्छानि icchā́ni |
इच्छाव icchā́va |
इच्छाम icchā́ma |
इच्छै icchaí |
इच्छावहै icchā́vahai |
इच्छामहै icchā́mahai | |
Participles | |||||||
इच्छत् icchát |
इच्छमान icchámāna | ||||||
Notes |
|
Imperfect: ऐच्छत् (aícchat), ऐच्छत (aícchata) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active | Mediopassive | |||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Indicative | ||||||
Third | ऐच्छत् aícchat |
ऐच्छताम् aícchatām |
ऐच्छन् aícchan |
ऐच्छत aícchata |
ऐच्छेताम् aícchetām |
ऐच्छन्त aícchanta |
Second | ऐच्छः aícchaḥ |
ऐच्छतम् aícchatam |
ऐच्छत aícchata |
ऐच्छथाः aícchathāḥ |
ऐच्छेथाम् aícchethām |
ऐच्छध्वम् aícchadhvam |
First | ऐच्छम् aíccham |
ऐच्छाव aícchāva |
ऐच्छाम aícchāma |
ऐच्छे aícche |
ऐच्छावहि aícchāvahi |
ऐच्छामहि aícchāmahi |
Descendants
[edit]- Pali: icchati
- Prakrit: 𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (icchaï, “wants”) (collides with descendant of ईप्सति (īpsati, “desires to obtain”) in the sense "desires to obtain", from the root आप् (āp, “to obtain”))
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “इच्छति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 169/1.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “iccháti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eys-
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit verbs
- Sanskrit class 6 verbs
- Sanskrit parasmaipada verbs
- Sanskrit present verbs
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root इष्
- Sanskrit verbs in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations