ܥܪܒܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

ܥܪܒܐ

From Aramaic עִרּבָּא (ʿirbā), from Proto-Semitic *ḍrb; compare Hebrew עֵרֶב (érev), Phoenician 𐤑𐤓𐤁 (ṣrb).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ˈʕɪr.bɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ˈʔɪr.ba.], [ˈʔɪr.wa.]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ˈʔɪr.bɑː]
• (Shamisdin) IPA^(key): [ˈʔɪr.wɑː]

Noun

ܥܸܪܒܵܐ or ܥܸܪܒ݂ܵܐ • (ˁirbā or ˁirḇā) m sg (plural ܥܸܪ̈ܒܹܐ (ˁirbē))

1. sheep

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܸܪܒܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܸܪܒܝܼ (ˁirbī)		ܥܸܪܒܲܢ (ˁirban)
	construct	ܥܪܸܒ݂ (ˁriḇ)		2nd person	ܥܸܪܒܘܼܟ݂ (ˁirbūḵ)	ܥܸܪܒܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁirbāḵ)	ܥܸܪܒܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁirbāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܪܒܵܐ (ˁirbā)		3rd person	ܥܸܪܒܹܗ (ˁirbēh)	ܥܸܪܒܘܿܗ̇ (ˁirbōh)	ܥܸܪܒܗܘܿܢ (ˁirbhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܝܼ (ˁirbī)		ܥܸܪ̈ܒܲܢ (ˁirban)
	construct	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܲܝ (ˁirbay)		2nd person	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܘܼܟ݂ (ˁirbūḵ)	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁirbāḵ)	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁirbāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܹܐ (ˁirbē)		3rd person	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܘܼܗܝ (ˁirbūh)	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܘܿܗ̇ (ˁirbōh)	ܥܸܪ̈ܒܗܘܿܢ (ˁirbhōn)

Hyponyms

• ܟܸܒ݂ܫܵܐ (kiḇšā, “ram”)
• ܕܸܟ݂ܪܵܐ (diḵrā, “ram”)
• ܥܘܵܢܵܐ (ˁwānā, “ewe”)
• ܐܸܡܪܵܐ (imrā, “lamb”)

Etymology 2

Root
ܥ ܪ ܒ (ˁ r b)
6 terms

ܥܪܒܐ ܕܫܡܫܐ

From Aramaic עְרָּבָא (ʿərāḇā); compare Hebrew עֶרֶב (érev, “evening, night”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ˈʕərɑːwɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ˈrɑːvɑː]

Noun

ܥܪܵܒ݂ܵܐ • (ˁrāḇā) m (plural ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܹܐ (ˁrāḇē))

1. sunset, sundown
2. eve

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܪܵܒ݂ܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܪܵܒ݂ܝܼ (ˁrāḇī)		ܥܪܵܒ݂ܲܢ (ˁrāḇan)
	construct	ܥܪܵܒ݂ (ˁrāḇ)		2nd person	ܥܪܵܒ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ˁrāḇūḵ)	ܥܪܵܒ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁrāḇāḵ)	ܥܪܵܒ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁrāḇāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܪܵܒ݂ܵܐ (ˁrāḇā)		3rd person	ܥܪܵܒ݂ܹܗ (ˁrāḇēh)	ܥܪܵܒ݂ܵܗ̇ (ˁrāḇāh)	ܥܪܵܒ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ˁrāḇhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܝܼ (ˁrāḇī)		ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܲܢ (ˁrāḇan)
	construct	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܲܝ (ˁrāḇay)		2nd person	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ˁrāḇūḵ)	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁrāḇāḵ)	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁrāḇāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܹܐ (ˁrāḇē)		3rd person	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܘܼܗܝ (ˁrāḇūh)	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁrāḇōh)	ܥܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ˁrāḇhōn)

Coordinate terms

• (times of day) ܥܸܕܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܕܝܵܘܡܵܐ (ˁiddānē d-yāwmā); ܐܝܼܡܵܡܵܐ (īmāmā, “daytime”), ܢܘܼܓ݂ܗܵܐ (nuḡhā, “dawn”), ܕܸܢܚܵܐ (dinḥā, “sunrise”), ܨܲܦܪܵܐ (ṣaprā, “morning”), ܛܲܗܪܵܐ (ṭahrā, “noon, afternoon”), ܥܪܵܒ݂ܵܐ (ˁrāḇā, “sunset”), ܢܘܼܨܦܵܐ (nuṣpā, “dusk”), ܪܲܡܫܵܐ (ramšā, “evening”), ܦܲܠܓܵܐ ܕܠܲܝܠܹܐ (palgā d-laylē, “midnight”), ܠܲܝܠܹܐ (laylē, “nighttime”) ^{(Category: aii:Times of day)}

Derived terms

• ܡܲܥܪܒ݂ܵܐ (maˁrḇā, “west”)

Etymology 3

Active noun from Aramaic עֲרַב (ʿăraḇ, “to vouch for”); compare Arabic عَرَّاب (ʕarrāb), Hebrew עָרֵב ('arév).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕarˈrɑ.wɑ]

Noun

ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܵܐ • (ˁarrāḇā) m sg (plural ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܹܐ (ˁarrāḇē), feminine ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܬܵܐ (ˁarrāḇtā))

1. sponsor, guarantor, surety, securer
2. guardian, godfather
3. groomsman

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܝܼ (ˁarrāḇī)		ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܲܢ (ˁarrāḇan)
	construct	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ (ˁarrāḇ)		2nd person	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ˁarrāḇūḵ)	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁarrāḇāḵ)	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁarrāḇāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܵܐ (ˁarrāḇā)		3rd person	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܹܗ (ˁarrāḇēh)	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܵܗ̇ (ˁarrāḇāh)	ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ˁarrāḇhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܝܼ (ˁarrāḇī)		ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܲܢ (ˁarrāḇan)
	construct	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܲܝ (ˁarrāḇay)		2nd person	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ˁarrāḇūḵ)	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁarrāḇāḵ)	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁarrāḇāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܹܐ (ˁarrāḇē)		3rd person	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܘܼܗܝ (ˁarrāḇūh)	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁarrāḇōh)	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ˁarrāḇhōn)

Derived terms

• ܥܲܪܵܒ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁarrāḇūṯā)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʕa(.)r(ə).vɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕar.wɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕɑr.wo]

Noun

ܥܪܒܐ • (ʿarəḇā) f (plural ܥܪܒܐ (ʿarəḇē))

1. large wooden bowl or vessel; washtub, kneading trough
2. cup (unit of measure)
3. water wheel
4. olive press
5. vetch, chickpea

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܪܒܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܪܒ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܟ	ܥܪܒܟܝ	ܥܪܒܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܪܒܝܢ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܝܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒܝ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܝܟ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝ	ܥܪܒܝܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܘܗܝ	ܥܪܒܝܗ	ܥܪܒܝܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From Proto-Semitic *ḍrb; compare Hebrew עֵרֶב (ʿḗreḇ), Phoenician 𐤑𐤓𐤁 (ṣrb).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʕɛr.bɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕɪr.bɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕɛr.bo]

Noun

ܥܪܒܐ • (ʿerbā) m (plural ܥܪܒܐ (ʿerbē))

1. sheep, lamb

   Synonyms: ܐܡܪܐ, ܦܐܪܐ

2. ram

   Synonym: ܕܟܪܐ

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܪܒܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܪܒ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܟ	ܥܪܒܟܝ	ܥܪܒܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܪܒܝܢ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܝܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒܝ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܝܟ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝ	ܥܪܒܝܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܘܗܝ	ܥܪܒܝܗ	ܥܪܒܝܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

From the root ܥ-ܪ-ܒ (ʿ-r-b) related to setting, from Proto-Semitic *ġrb; compare Arabic غَرْب (ḡarb), Hebrew עֶרֶב (ʿéreḇ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʕ(ə.)ˈrɑ.vɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕrɑ.wɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕro.wo]

Noun

ܥܪܒܐ • (ʿərāḇā) m (plural ܥܪܒܐ (ʿərāḇē))

1. sunset
2. west

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܪܒܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܪܒ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܟ	ܥܪܒܟܝ	ܥܪܒܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܪܒܝܢ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܝܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒܝ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܝܟ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝ	ܥܪܒܝܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܘܗܝ	ܥܪܒܝܗ	ܥܪܒܝܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܗܝܢ

Antonyms

• ܕܢܚܐ

Etymology 4

From the root ܥ-ܪ-ܒ (ʿ-r-b) related to pledging.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʕ(ə.)ˈrɑ.vɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕrɑ.wɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕro.wo]

Noun

ܥܪܒܐ • (ʿərāḇā) m (plural ܥܪܒܐ (ʿərāḇē))

1. guarantee, surety

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܪܒܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܪܒ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܟ	ܥܪܒܟܝ	ܥܪܒܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܪܒܝܢ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܝܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒܝ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܝܟ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝ	ܥܪܒܝܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܘܗܝ	ܥܪܒܝܗ	ܥܪܒܝܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 5

Modified from above; compare Arabic عَرَّاب (ʕarrāb), Hebrew עָרֵב (ʿārēḇ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʕarˈrɑ.vɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʕarˈrɑ.wɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʕɑˈro.wo]

Noun

ܥܪܒܐ • (ʿarrāḇā) m (plural ܥܪܒܐ (ʿarrāḇē), singular feminine counterpart ܥܪܒܬܐ (ʿarrāḇtā))

1. sponsor, guarantor, surety, securer
2. guardian, godfather
3. groomsman
4. (law) security, bail

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܪܒܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܪܒ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܟ	ܥܪܒܟܝ	ܥܪܒܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗ	ܥܪܒܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܪܒܝܢ		1st person	ܥܪܒܝ		ܥܪܒܝܢ
	construct	ܥܪܒܝ		2nd person	ܥܪܒܝܟ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝ	ܥܪܒܝܟܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܪܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܪܒܘܗܝ	ܥܪܒܝܗ	ܥܪܒܝܗܘܢ	ܥܪܒܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 6

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʕar.be]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕar.be]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕɑr.be]

Noun

ܥܪܒܐ • (ʿarbē)

1. emphatic plural of ܥܪܒܬܐ

Etymology 7

Compare Arabic عَرَبَة (ʕaraba), Hebrew עֲרָבָה (ʿărāḇâ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʕɑˈrɑ.vɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʕɑˈrɑ.wɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʕoˈro.wo]

Proper noun

ܥܪܒܐ • (ʿārāḇā) f

1. Arabah

References

• “ˁrb⁶”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2020-12-04
• “ˁrb⁵”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2020-12-04
• “ˁrb³”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2020-12-04
• “ˁrb⁴”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2020-12-04
• “ˁrb²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2020-12-04
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 263a, b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 427a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1134a-b