ܥܩܒܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܥ ܩ ܒ (ˁ q b)
2 terms

Ultimately inherited from Aramaic עִקְבָא (ʿeqəḇā), formed via a back-formation of ܥܸܩ̈ܒܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁiqbāṯā, literally “trace, vestige, footsteps”); compare also Classical Syriac ܥܩܒܐ (ʿeqəḇā), Arabic عَقِب (ʕaqib) and Hebrew עָקֵב ('akév).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕɪq.bɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɪq.bɑː]

Noun

ܥܸܩܒܵܐ • (ˁiqbā) f sg (plural ܥܸܩܒܹ̈ܐ (ˁiqbē) or ܥܸܩ̈ܒܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁiqbāṯā))

1. (anatomy) heel, foot
2. (animal anatomy) hoof
3. (figurative, chiefly in the plural) footprints, footsteps, track
4. (figurative) lower part, bottom; rear end; mountain base
5. (grammar, orthography) final letter

   Antonym: ܪܹܝܫܵܐ (rēšā)

Usage notes

• The plural ܥܸܩܒܹ̈ܐ (ˁiqbē) is used of the same possession and for literal senses (heel) while the plural ܥܸܩ̈ܒܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁiqbāṯā) is used for figurative senses (footsteps, trace, bottom, final letter etc). However, this does not always hold in the construct state.

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܸܩܒܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܸܩܒܝܼ (ˁiqbī)		ܥܸܩܒܲܢ (ˁiqban)
	construct	ܥܩܸܒ݂ (ˁqiḇ)		2nd person	ܥܸܩܒܘܼܟ݂ (ˁiqbūḵ)	ܥܸܩܒܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁiqbāḵ)	ܥܸܩܒܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁiqbāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܩܒܵܐ (ˁiqbā)		3rd person	ܥܸܩܒܹܗ (ˁiqbēh)	ܥܸܩܒܵܗ̇ (ˁiqbāh)	ܥܸܩܒܗܘܿܢ (ˁiqbhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܸܩܒܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (ˁiqbāṯī)		ܥܸܩܒܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (ˁiqbāṯan)
	construct	ܥܸܩ̈ܒܵܬ݂ (ˁiqbāṯ)		2nd person	ܥܸܩܒܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ˁiqbāṯūḵ)	ܥܸܩܒܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ˁiqbāṯāḵ)	ܥܸܩܒܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁiqbāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܩ̈ܒܵܬ݂ܹܐ (ˁiqbāṯē)		3rd person	ܥܸܩܒܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ˁiqbāṯūh)	ܥܸܩ̈ܒܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁiqbāṯōh)	ܥܸܩܒܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ˁiqbāṯhōn)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

Compare Arabic عَقِب (ʕaqib) and Hebrew עָקֵב (ʿāqēḇ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕɛq(ə)vɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʕɛq(ə)ve] (plural)

Noun

ܥܩܒܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܥܩܒܐ)

1. (anatomy) heel, foot
2. (animal anatomy) hoof
3. footprint, footstep, track
4. trace, sign
5. lower part, bottom
6. mountain base
7. point, edge, end, extremity, extreme part
8. rear guard
9. (grammar, orthography) final letter
10. consequence, result, product
11. (in the plural) kind of hymns

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܩܒܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܩܒ		1st person	ܥܩܒܝ		ܥܩܒܢ
	construct	ܥܩܒ		2nd person	ܥܩܒܟ	ܥܩܒܟܝ	ܥܩܒܟܘܢ	ܥܩܒܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܩܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܩܒܗ	ܥܩܒܗ	ܥܩܒܗܘܢ	ܥܩܒܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܩܒܝܢ		1st person	ܥܩܒܝ		ܥܩܒܝܢ
	construct	ܥܩܒܝ		2nd person	ܥܩܒܝܟ	ܥܩܒܝܟܝ	ܥܩܒܝܟܘܢ	ܥܩܒܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܩܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܩܒܘܗܝ	ܥܩܒܝܗ	ܥܩܒܝܗܘܢ	ܥܩܒܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕ(ə)qɑvɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʕ(ə)qɑve] (plural)

Noun

ܥܩܒܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܥܩܒܐ)

1. succession
2. investigation

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܩܒܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܩܒ		1st person	ܥܩܒܝ		ܥܩܒܢ
	construct	ܥܩܒ		2nd person	ܥܩܒܟ	ܥܩܒܟܝ	ܥܩܒܟܘܢ	ܥܩܒܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܩܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܩܒܗ	ܥܩܒܗ	ܥܩܒܗܘܢ	ܥܩܒܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܩܒܝܢ		1st person	ܥܩܒܝ		ܥܩܒܝܢ
	construct	ܥܩܒܝ		2nd person	ܥܩܒܝܟ	ܥܩܒܝܟܝ	ܥܩܒܝܟܘܢ	ܥܩܒܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܩܒܐ		3rd person	ܥܩܒܘܗܝ	ܥܩܒܝܗ	ܥܩܒܝܗܘܢ	ܥܩܒܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ˁqb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 261a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 424a–b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 1128b–1129a