ܣܪܛܢܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܣ ܪ ܛ (s r ṭ)
3 terms

ܣܪܛܢܐ

From Aramaic סַרְטָנָא (sarṭānā); compare Arabic سَرَطَان (saraṭān) and Hebrew סַרְטָן (sartán). The sense of “cancer (disease)” is either a semantic loan from Ancient Greek καρκῐ́νος (karkĭ́nos) or Arabic.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [sar.tˤɑːnɑː]

Noun

ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ • (sarṭānā) m sg (plural ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܹܐ (sarṭānē))

1. crab (crustacean found chiefly on seashores)

   ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܹܐ ܒܚܝܼܙܵܐ ܒܸܪܚܵܫܵܐ ܠܝܵܡܵܐ.

   sarṭānē b-ḥīzā birḥāšā l-yāmā.

   Crabs in the sand crawling to the sea.

2. (pathology) cancer, carcinoma (disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation)

   Synonym: ܬܲܠܗܵܝܵܐ (talhāyā)

   ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܲܢ ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܵܗ̇ ܦܘܼܚܵܡܹ̈ܐ ܥܸܠܵܝܹ̈ܐ ܠܘܵܬ݂ ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ ܕܓܸܠܕܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ.

   mḏītan īṯ lāh pūḥāmē ˁillāyē lwāṯ sarṭānā d-gildā gāw aṯrā.

   Our city has the highest rate of skin cancer in the country.

Usage notes

• (cancer): The disease is usually referred to more fully as ܡܲܪܥܵܐ ܕܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ (marˁā d-sarṭānā, literally “The disease of cancer”).

Inflection

Inflection of ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܝܼ (sarṭānī)		ܣܲܪܛܵܢܲܢ (sarṭānan)
	construct	ܣܲܪܛܵܢ (sarṭān)		2nd person	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܘܼܟ݂ (sarṭānūḵ)	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ (sarṭānāḵ)	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (sarṭānāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ (sarṭānā)		3rd person	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܹܗ (sarṭānēh)	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܗ̇ (sarṭānāh)	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܗܘܿܢ (sarṭānhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܝܼ (sarṭānī)		ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܲܢ (sarṭānan)
	construct	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܲܝ (sarṭānay)		2nd person	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܘܼܟ݂ (sarṭānūḵ)	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ (sarṭānāḵ)	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (sarṭānāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܹܐ (sarṭānē)		3rd person	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܘܼܗܝ (sarṭānūh)	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܘܿܗ̇ (sarṭānōh)	ܣܲܪ̈ܛܵܢܗܘܿܢ (sarṭānhōn)

Proper noun

ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ • (sarṭānā) m

1. (astrology, astronomy) Cancer (constellation and zodiac sign)

See also

Zodiac signs in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic · ܡܲܠܘܵܫܹ̈ܐ (malwāšē) (layout · text)
ܐܸܡܪܵܐ (imrā)	ܬܵܘܪܵܐ (tāwrā)	ܬܐܘܿܡܹ̈ܐ (tˀōmē)	ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ (sarṭānā)
ܐܲܪܝܵܐ (aryā)	ܒܬ݂ܘܼܠܬܵܐ (bṯultā)	ܡܲܣܵܐ̈ܬ݂ܵܐ (massāṯā)	ܥܲܩܪܒ݂ܵܐ (ˁaqrḇā)
ܩܲܫܵܬ݂ܵܐ (qaššāṯā)	ܓܲܕ݂ܝܵܐ (gaḏyā)	ܕܵܘܠܵܐ (dāwlā)	ܢܘܼܢܹ̈ܐ (nūnē)

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

• ܣܘܪܛܢܐ

Etymology

From the root ܣ ܪ ܛ related to scratching. Compare Arabic سَرَطَان (saraṭān) and Hebrew סַרְטָן (sarṭān). The second definition is a semantic loan from Arabic or Ancient Greek.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sartˤɑnɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [sartˤɑne(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܣܪܛܢܐ • (sarṭānā) m (plural ܣܪܛܢܐ)

A crab

1. crab
2. (pathology) cancer

Inflection

Inflection of ܣܪܛܢܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܣܪܛܢ		1st person	ܣܪܛܢܝ		ܣܪܛܢܢ
	construct	ܣܪܛܢ		2nd person	ܣܪܛܢܟ	ܣܪܛܢܟܝ	ܣܪܛܢܟܘܢ	ܣܪܛܢܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܣܪܛܢܐ		3rd person	ܣܪܛܢܗ	ܣܪܛܢܗ	ܣܪܛܢܗܘܢ	ܣܪܛܢܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܣܪܛܢܝܢ		1st person	ܣܪܛܢܝ		ܣܪܛܢܝܢ
	construct	ܣܪܛܢܝ		2nd person	ܣܪܛܢܝܟ	ܣܪܛܢܝܟܝ	ܣܪܛܢܝܟܘܢ	ܣܪܛܢܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܣܪܛܢܐ		3rd person	ܣܪܛܢܘܗܝ	ܣܪܛܢܝܗ	ܣܪܛܢܝܗܘܢ	ܣܪܛܢܝܗܝܢ

Proper noun

ܣܪܛܢܐ • (sarṭānā) m

1. (astrology, astronomy) Cancer (constellation and zodiac sign)

References

• “srṭn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 237b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 391b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1046a