ܡܟܣܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܡ ܟ ܣ (m k s)
1 term

From Akkadian 𒃻𒋻 (NIG₂.KUD /⁠miksu⁠/, “tax”); compare Arabic مَكْس (maks) and Hebrew מֶכֶס (mékhes).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [maxsɑː]

Noun

ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܐ • (maḵsā) m sg (plural ܡܲܟ݂ܣܹ̈ܐ (maḵsē))

1. tax (specifically excise tax or sales tax)
2. impost, tribute, toll
3. customs
4. auction

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܐ (maḵsā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܝܼ (maḵsī)		ܡܲܟ݂ܣܲܢ (maḵsan)
	construct	ܡܟ݂ܸܣ (mḵis)	2nd person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܘܼܟ݂ (maḵsūḵ)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܟ݂ܝ (maḵsāḵ)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (maḵsāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܐ (maḵsā)	3rd person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܹܗ (maḵsēh)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܗ̇ (maḵsāh)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܗܘܿܢ (maḵshōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܝܼ̈ (maḵsī)		ܡܲܟ݂ܣܲܢ̈ (maḵsan)
	construct	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܲܝ̈ (maḵsay)	2nd person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (maḵsūḵ)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (maḵsāḵ)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (maḵsāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܹ̈ܐ (maḵsē)	3rd person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܘܼ̈ܗܝ (maḵsūh)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (maḵsōh)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܗ̈ܘܿܢ (maḵshōn)

Synonyms

• (tax): ܡܲܕܲܐܬܵܐ (maddaˀtā)

Etymology 2

From Akkadian 𒂗𒆬 (EN.KU₃] /⁠mākisu⁠/). Compare Arabic مَاكِس (mākis) and Hebrew מוֹכֵס (môḵēs).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [mɑxːsɑː]

Noun

ܡܵܟ݂ܣܵܐ • (māḵsā) m sg (plural ܡܵܟ݂ܣܹ̈ܐ (māḵsē), feminine ܡܵܟ݂ܸܣܬܵܐ (māḵistā))

1. custom house officer, tax collector, publican

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܐ (maḵsā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܝܼ (maḵsī)		ܡܲܟ݂ܣܲܢ (maḵsan)
	construct	ܡܟ݂ܸܣ (mḵis)	2nd person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܘܼܟ݂ (maḵsūḵ)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܟ݂ܝ (maḵsāḵ)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (maḵsāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܐ (maḵsā)	3rd person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܹܗ (maḵsēh)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܗ̇ (maḵsāh)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܗܘܿܢ (maḵshōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܝܼ̈ (maḵsī)		ܡܲܟ݂ܣܲܢ̈ (maḵsan)
	construct	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܲܝ̈ (maḵsay)	2nd person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (maḵsūḵ)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (maḵsāḵ)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (maḵsāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܹ̈ܐ (maḵsē)	3rd person	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܘܼ̈ܗܝ (maḵsūh)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (maḵsōh)	ܡܲܟ݂ܣܗ̈ܘܿܢ (maḵshōn)

Derived terms

• ܒܹܝܬ ܡܵܟ݂ܣܹ̈ܐ (bēt māḵsē)
• ܡܵܟ݂ܣܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (māḵsūṯā)

Etymology 3

Root
ܟ ܣ ܐ (k s ˀ)
5 terms

Causitive of ܟܵܣܹܐ (kāsē, “to cover”); compare Hebrew כִּסָּה (kisá).

Alternative forms

• ܡܲܟܸܣ (makkis)

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [makseː]

Verb

ܡܲܟܣܹܐ • (maksē)

1. (transitive) to cover, conceal [with ܠ- (l-) ‘to’]

   ܬܲܠܓܵܐ ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܠܛܘܼܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ. ― talgā muksē lēh l-ṭūrānē. ― The snow covered the mountains.

2. to cover (an event, an occasion, a happening, etc.), to describe, to report [with ܥܲܠ (ˁal) ‘upon’]

   ܓܸܠܝܘܿܢܵܝܵܐ ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܠ ܟܠܵܗ̇ ܩܲܘܲܘܡܬܵܐ ܫܘܼܝܵܫܵܝܬ݂ܵܐ. ― gilyōnāyā muksē lēh ˁal kullāh qawwawmtā šūyāšāyṯā. ― The journalist covered the entire political event.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܡܲܟܣܹܐ (maksē)
present participle		ܡܲܟܣܘܿܝܹܐ (maksōyē)
verbal noun ܫܸܡ ܣܘܼܥܪܵܢܵܐ		-
		singular ܚܕ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ				plural ܣܲܓܝܼܐܵܢܵܝܵܐ
past participle ܡܫܲܘܬܲܦܬܵܐ	m	ܡܘܼܟܣܝܵܐ (muksyā)				ܡܘܼܟܣܝܹ̈ܐ (muksyē)
	f	ܡܘܼܟܣܲܝܬܵܐ (muksaytā)
agent noun ܥܵܒ݂ܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ	m	ܡܲܟܣܝܵܢܵܐ (maksyānā)				ܡܲܟܣܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ (maksyānē)
	f	ܡܲܟܣܝܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (maksyānīṯā)				ܡܲܟܣܝܵܢ̈ܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (maksyānyāṯā)
instance noun		ܡܲܟܣܲܝܬܵܐ (maksaytā)				ܡܲܟ̈ܣܲܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (maksayyāṯā)
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ	m	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܝܼ (muksē lī)	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (muksē lūḵ)	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܹܗ (muksē lēh)		ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܲܢ (muksē lan)	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (muksē lāwḵōn)	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (muksē lhōn)
	f		ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (muksē lāḵ)	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (muksē lāh)
non-past	m	ܡܲܟܣܹܝܢ (maksēn)	ܡܲܟܣܹܝܬ (maksēt)	ܡܲܟܣܹܐ (maksē)		ܡܲܟܣܲܚ (maksaḥ)	ܡܲܟܣܝܼܬܘܿܢ (maksītōn)	ܡܲܟܣܝܼ (maksī)
	f	ܡܲܟܣܝܵܢ (maksyān)	ܡܲܟܣܝܵܬܝ (maksyāt)	ܡܲܟܣܝܵܐ (maksyā)
imperative ܦܵܩܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ	m		ܐܲܟܣܝܼ (aksī)				ܐܲܟܣܲܘ (aksaw)
	f		ܐܲܟܣܲܝ (aksay)
passive past ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܚܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ	m	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܝܢ (muksēn)	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܝܬ (muksēt)	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܐ (muksē)		ܡܘܼܟܣܹܝܚ (muksēḥ)	ܡܘܼܟܣܹܝܬܘܿܢ (muksētōn)	ܡܘܼܟܣܲܝ (muksay)
	f	ܡܘܼܟܣܝܲܢ (muksyan)	ܡܘܼܟܣܝܲܬܝ (muksyat)	ܡܘܼܟܣܝܵܐ (muksyā)
Generated by {{Template:aii-conj-verb/C-weak-3i|ܟ|ܣ}}

Etymology 4

Root
ܟ ܣ ܐ (k s ˀ)
5 terms

Causitive of ܟܵܣܹܐ (kāsē, “to cover”); compare Hebrew כִּסָּה (kisá).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [mkasseː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [mkaːseː]

Verb

ܡܟܲܣܹܐ • (mkassē)

1. (transitive) to cover, conceal

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܡܟܲܣܹܐ (mkassē)
present participle		ܡܟܲܣܘܿܝܹܐ (mkasōyē)
verbal noun ܫܸܡ ܣܘܼܥܪܵܢܵܐ		ܟܘܼܣܵܝܵܐ (kussāyā)
		singular ܚܕ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ				plural ܣܲܓܝܼܐܵܢܵܝܵܐ
past participle ܡܫܲܘܬܲܦܬܵܐ	m	ܡܟܘܼܣܝܵܐ (mkusyā)				ܡܟܘܼܣܝܹ̈ܐ (mkusyē)
	f	ܡܟܘܼܣܲܝܬܵܐ (mkūsaytā)
agent noun ܥܵܒ݂ܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ	m	ܡܟܲܣܝܵܢܵܐ (mkasyānā)				ܡܟܲܣܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ (mkasyānē)
	f	ܡܟܲܣܝܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mkasyānīṯā)				ܡܟܲܣܝܵܢ̈ܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (mkasyānyāṯā)
instance noun		ܟܲܣܲܝܬܵܐ (kassaytā)				ܟܲܣܲܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (kassayāṯā)
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ	m	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ ܠܝܼ (mkūsē lī)	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (mkūsē lūḵ)	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ ܠܹܗ (mkūsē lēh)		ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ ܠܲܢ (mkūsē lan)	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mkūsē lāwḵōn)	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (mkūsē lhōn)
	f		ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (mkūsē lāḵ)	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (mkūsē lāh)
non-past	m	ܡܟܲܣܹܝܢ (mkassēn)	ܡܟܲܣܹܝܬ (mkassēt)	ܡܟܲܣܹܐ (mkassē)		ܡܟܲܣܲܚ (mkassaḥ)	ܡܟܲܣܝܼܬܘܿܢ (mkasītōn)	ܡܟܲܣܝܼ (mkasī)
	f	ܡܟܲܣܝܵܢ (mkasyān)	ܡܟܲܣܝܵܬܝ (mkasyāt)	ܡܟܲܣܝܵܐ (mkasyā)
imperative ܦܵܩܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ	m		ܟܲܣܝܼ (kasī)				ܟܲܣܲܘ (kassaw)
	f		ܟܲܣܲܝ (kassay)
passive past ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܚܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ	m	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܝܢ (mkūsēn)	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܝܬ (mkūsēt)	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܐ (mkūsē)		ܡܟܘܼܣܹܝܚ (mkūsēḥ)	ܡܟܘܼܣܹܝܬܘܿܢ (mkūsētōn)	ܡܟܘܼܣܲܝ (mkūsay)
	f	ܡܟܘܼܣܝܲܢ (mkusyan)	ܡܟܘܼܣܝܲܬܝ (mkusyat)	ܡܟܘܼܣܝܵܐ (mkusyā)
Generated by {{Template:aii-conj-verb/D-weak-3i|ܟ|ܣ}}

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Akkadian 𒃻𒋻 (NIG₂.KUD /⁠miksu⁠/, “tax”). Compare Arabic مَكْس (maks) and Hebrew מֶכֶס (méḵes).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [maxsɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [maxse(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܡܟܣܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܡܟܣܐ)

1. impost, tribute, toll, tax
2. auction

Inflection

    inflection of ܡܟܣܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܡܟܣ	ܡܟܣܝܢ
construct	ܡܟܣ	ܡܟܣܝ
emphatic	ܡܟܣܐ	ܡܟܣܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܟܣܝ	ܡܟܣܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܟܣܟ	ܡܟܣܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܟܣܟܝ	ܡܟܣܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܟܣܗ	ܡܟܣܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܟܣܗ	ܡܟܣܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܟܣܢ	ܡܟܣܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܟܣܟܘܢ	ܡܟܣܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܟܣܟܝܢ	ܡܟܣܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܟܣܗܘܢ	ܡܟܣܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܟܣܗܝܢ	ܡܟܣܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Old Armenian: մաքս (makʻs)
• → Arabic: مكس

Etymology 2

From Akkadian 𒂗𒆬 (EN.KU₃] /⁠mākisu⁠/). Compare Arabic مَاكِس (mākis) and Hebrew מוֹכֵס (môḵēs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mɑxsɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [mɑxse(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܡܟܣܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܡܟܣܐ)

1. custom house officer, tax collector, publican

Inflection

    inflection of ܡܟܣܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܡܟܣ	ܡܟܣܝܢ
construct	ܡܟܣ	ܡܟܣܝ
emphatic	ܡܟܣܐ	ܡܟܣܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܟܣܝ	ܡܟܣܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܟܣܟ	ܡܟܣܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܟܣܟܝ	ܡܟܣܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܟܣܗ	ܡܟܣܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܟܣܗ	ܡܟܣܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܟܣܢ	ܡܟܣܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܟܣܟܘܢ	ܡܟܣܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܟܣܟܝܢ	ܡܟܣܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܟܣܗܘܢ	ܡܟܣܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܟܣܗܝܢ	ܡܟܣܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܒܝܬ ܡܟܣܐ
• ܡܟܣܘܬܐ

Further reading

• “mks”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2013-03-26
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “մաքս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 292ab
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 182b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 272a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 760ab