یوغ

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian یوغ (yuğ).

Noun

یوغ • (yug)

1. yoke, a bar or frame by which two draught animals are joined at their necks

   Synonym: بویوندرق (boyunduruk)

Descendants

• Turkish: yug

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “yug”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5375
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “yûg”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1397
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Jugum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 885
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “یوغ”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 5625
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “یوغ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2215

Persian

Alternative forms

• یغ (yoğ), جوغ (juğ), جغ (joğ)

Etymology

From earlier جغ (joğ), from Middle Persian ywg (juğ, “yoke”), from Proto-Iranian *yugám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yugám, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm. From the same root are جفت (joft) and, via Greek and Arabic, زُوج (zowj), both meaning “pair, couple; partner; even number”. Cognate with English yoke.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [juːɣ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [juːɣ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [juːɣ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [juːɣ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [juɣ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [juːɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [juʁ]

Readings
Classical reading?	yūğ
Dari reading?	yūğ
Iranian reading?	yuğ
Tajik reading?	yuġ

Noun

Dari	یوغ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	юғ

یوغ • (yuğ) (plural یوغ‌ها (yuğ-hâ))

1. yoke

Related terms

• جفت (joft)

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: یوغ (yug)
  • Turkish: yug
• → Urdu: یوغ (yoġ)

Urdu

Etymology

PIE word
*yugóm

Borrowed from Classical Persian یوغ (yōğ, “yoke”).

Cognate with Pashto جغ (źëǧ, “yoke”), Torwali یو (yū, “yoke”), and Kalasha جو (ǰu, “yoke”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /joːɣ/, /juːɣ/

Noun

یوغ • (yoġ or yūġ) ?

1. yoke, union, joining
2. yoke used for draught animals
3. (biology) the fusion of two cells

Derived terms

• یوغہ (yoġa)
• یوغ بَذْرَہ (yoġ-bazra)
• یوغ شَکْل (yoġ-śakl)

Related terms

• جُفت (juft)

References

• “یوغ”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “یوغ”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “یوغ”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “یوغ”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.