گردن
Appearance
Baluchi
[edit]Noun
[edit]گردن • (gardin, gardan)
Central Kurdish
[edit]Verb
[edit]گردن (girdin) (present stem گر- (gir-))
- Alternative form of گرتن (girtin)
Persian
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Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Khotanese gaḍaa- (“throat, neck”), etc.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɡaɾ.ˈdan]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡʲæɹ.d̪ǽn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡäɾ.d̪ǽn]
Readings | |
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Classical reading? | gardan |
Dari reading? | gardan |
Iranian reading? | gardan |
Tajik reading? | gardan |
Noun
[edit]Dari | گردن |
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Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | гардан |
گردن • (gardan)
Derived terms
[edit]- گردن بند (gardan band)
Descendants
[edit]- Tajik: гардан (gardan)
- → Azerbaijani: gərdən
- → Bengali: গর্দান (gordan)
- → Gujarati: ગરદન (gardan)
- → Middle Hindi: گردن (grdn /gardan/)
- → Kolami: గర్దన్ (gardan)
- → Northern Kurdish: gerden
- → Ottoman Turkish: گردن (gerden), گردان (gerdan)
- Turkish: gerdan
- → Albanian: gjerdan, gjardan, gjerdhan, gjordan
- → Armenian: կէռտան (kēṙtan), կէրտան (kērtan)
- → Aromanian: ghiurdane, ghiurdani, ghirdane, ghirdani
- → Bulgarian: герда́н (gerdán)
- → Greek: γιορντάνι (giorntáni), [script needed] (giurdáni)
- → Macedonian: ѓердан (ǵerdan)
- → Romanian: gherdan, ghiordan, ghirdan
- → Serbo-Croatian: ђѐрда̄н / đèrdān
- → Uyghur: گەدەن (geden)
- → Uzbek: gardan
Urdu
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Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian گَرْدَن (gardan).[1] First attested in c. 1635 as Middle Hindi گردن (grdn /gardan/).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]گَرْدَن • (gardan) f (Hindi spelling गर्दन)[3][4]
Declension
[edit]Declension of گردن | ||||||||
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singular | plural | |||||||
direct | گَرْدَن (gardan) | گَرْدَنیں (gardanẽ) | ||||||
oblique | گَرْدَن (gardan) | گَرْدَنوں (gardanõ) | ||||||
vocative | گَرْدَن (gardan) | گَرْدَنو (gardano) |
References
[edit]More information
- ^ Kuczkiewicz-Fraś, Agnieszka (2008) “gardan, f.”, in Perso-Arabic Loanwords in Hindustani, Part 1 Dictionary, Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka, →ISBN, page 251.
- ^ “گردن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- ^ Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “گردن”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 521
- ^ “گردن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
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