پرهیز

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (pʾhlyc /⁠pahrēz⁠/, “defence; care”). Compare Semnani پهریز (pahriz).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [paɾ.heːz]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.heːz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.heːz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰä.ɾeːz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰä.ɾeːz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰæɹ.hiːz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.hez]

Readings
Classical reading?	parhēz
Dari reading?	parhēz
Iranian reading?	parhiz
Tajik reading?	parhez

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

Dari	پرهیز
Iranian Persian
Tajik	парҳез

پرهیز • (parhēz / parhiz)

1. abstinence, abstaining, avoidance

   پرهیز از سرمایه‌گذاری در صنایع حرام

   parhiz az sarmâye-gozâri dar sanâye'-e harâm

   avoiding investing in haram industries

2. (proscribed in Dari) medical regimen, diet
3. fast, fasting

   Synonym: روزه (rōza / ruze)

4. caution

Derived terms

• پرهیز کردن (parhēz kardan / parhiz kardan)
• پرهیزیدن (parhēzīdan / parhizidan)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: pəhriz
• → Bengali: পরহেজ (pôrhez)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: परहेज़ (parhez)

  Urdu: پَرْہیز (parhez)

• → Uyghur: پەرھىز (perhiz)
• → Pashto: پرهېز (parhéz), پرېز (paréz)

Further reading

• Bulkin, Carleton (2012) “پرهیز”, in Dari-English/English-Dari practical dictionary, 2nd edition, New York: Hippocrene Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 74
• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “پرهیز”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “pahrēz”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 64