قپان

Ottoman Turkish

قپان

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish قَاپَانْ (qapan, “trap”), from Proto-Turkic *kapgan (“trap”), a development of *kap- (“to snatch, take; to bite”), whence قاپمق (kapmak, “to snatch suddenly”). Cognate with Azerbaijani qapan.

Alternative forms

• قاپان (kapan)

Noun

قپان • (kapan) (definite accusative قپانی (kapanı), plural قپانلر (kapanlar))

1. trap, snare, gin, any contrivance designed to catch wild animals

   Synonyms: بالان (balan), دام (dam), طوزاق (tuzak)

Derived terms

• دیشلو دمیر قپان (dişli demir kapan, “trap furnished with iron teeth”)
• صكسار قپانی (sañsar kapanı, “trap for martens”)
• طوقماق قپان (tokmak kapan, “sort of trap”)
• فاره قپانی (fare kapanı, “mouse trap”)
• قوش قپانی (kuş kapanı, “trap for birds”)
• قپان قورمق (kapan kurmak, “to set a trap”)
• قپانجه (kapanca, “small trap”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: kapan
• → Armenian: խափան (xapʻan), խափխան (xapʻxan)
• → Romanian: capcană

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “قپان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 492
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kapan1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2396
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “قپان”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 355b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قپان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 945
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Decipulum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 328
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قپان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 3611
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kapan1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قپان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1434

Etymology 2

قپان

Borrowed from Classical Persian قپان (qapān, “stilyard”), itself from Byzantine Greek κάμπανος (kámpanos) or γάμπανος (gámpanos), ultimately from Latin campāna (“bell; steelyard”).

Noun

قپان • (kapan) (definite accusative قپانی (kapanı), plural قپانلر (kapanlar))

1. steelyard, a type of transportable balance with unequal arm lengths

   Synonym: قنطار (kantar)

Descendants

• Turkish: kapan

Further reading

click to expand

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kapan2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2396
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قپان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[6], Constantinople: Mihran, page 945
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Trutina”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[7], Vienna, column 1698
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قپان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[8], Vienna, column 3611
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kapan2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Persian

Alternative forms

• کپان (kapân)
• قپون (qapun) (colloquial Teherani)

Etymology

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek κάμπανος (kámpanos), γάμπανος (gámpanos), from Latin campāna.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qa.ˈpɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.pʰɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.pʰɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qä.pʰɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qä.pʰɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qæ.pʰɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.pʰɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	qapān
Dari reading?	qapān
Iranian reading?	ğapân
Tajik reading?	qapon

Noun

قپان • (qapân)

1. stilyard

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qapan
• → Turkish: kapan