قهر

Arabic

Root
ق ه ر (q h r)
1 term

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qa.ha.ra/

Verb

قَهَرَ • (qahara) I (non-past يَقْهَرُ (yaqharu), verbal noun قَهْر (qahr))

1. to treat with oppression

   Synonyms: اِسْتَضْعَفَ (istaḍʕafa), اِضْطَهَدَ (iḍṭahada)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 93:9:

     فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ

     faʔammā l-yatīma falā taqhar

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. to defeat
3. to overpower

Conjugation

    Conjugation of قَهَرَ (I, sound, a ~ a, full passive (?), verbal noun قَهْر)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						قَهْر qahr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						قَاهِر qāhir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَقْهُور maqhūr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَهَرْتُ qahartu	قَهَرْتَ qaharta	قَهَرَ qahara		قَهَرْتُمَا qahartumā	قَهَرَا qaharā		قَهَرْنَا qaharnā	قَهَرْتُمْ qahartum	قَهَرُوا qaharū
	f		قَهَرْتِ qaharti	قَهَرَتْ qaharat			قَهَرَتَا qaharatā			قَهَرْتُنَّ qahartunna	قَهَرْنَ qaharna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَقْهَرُ ʔaqharu	تَقْهَرُ taqharu	يَقْهَرُ yaqharu		تَقْهَرَانِ taqharāni	يَقْهَرَانِ yaqharāni		نَقْهَرُ naqharu	تَقْهَرُونَ taqharūna	يَقْهَرُونَ yaqharūna
	f		تَقْهَرِينَ taqharīna	تَقْهَرُ taqharu			تَقْهَرَانِ taqharāni			تَقْهَرْنَ taqharna	يَقْهَرْنَ yaqharna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَقْهَرَ ʔaqhara	تَقْهَرَ taqhara	يَقْهَرَ yaqhara		تَقْهَرَا taqharā	يَقْهَرَا yaqharā		نَقْهَرَ naqhara	تَقْهَرُوا taqharū	يَقْهَرُوا yaqharū
	f		تَقْهَرِي taqharī	تَقْهَرَ taqhara			تَقْهَرَا taqharā			تَقْهَرْنَ taqharna	يَقْهَرْنَ yaqharna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَقْهَرْ ʔaqhar	تَقْهَرْ taqhar	يَقْهَرْ yaqhar		تَقْهَرَا taqharā	يَقْهَرَا yaqharā		نَقْهَرْ naqhar	تَقْهَرُوا taqharū	يَقْهَرُوا yaqharū
	f		تَقْهَرِي taqharī	تَقْهَرْ taqhar			تَقْهَرَا taqharā			تَقْهَرْنَ taqharna	يَقْهَرْنَ yaqharna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِقْهَرْ iqhar			اِقْهَرَا iqharā				اِقْهَرُوا iqharū
	f		اِقْهَرِي iqharī							اِقْهَرْنَ iqharna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُهِرْتُ quhirtu	قُهِرْتَ quhirta	قُهِرَ quhira		قُهِرْتُمَا quhirtumā	قُهِرَا quhirā		قُهِرْنَا quhirnā	قُهِرْتُمْ quhirtum	قُهِرُوا quhirū
	f		قُهِرْتِ quhirti	قُهِرَتْ quhirat			قُهِرَتَا quhiratā			قُهِرْتُنَّ quhirtunna	قُهِرْنَ quhirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقْهَرُ ʔuqharu	تُقْهَرُ tuqharu	يُقْهَرُ yuqharu		تُقْهَرَانِ tuqharāni	يُقْهَرَانِ yuqharāni		نُقْهَرُ nuqharu	تُقْهَرُونَ tuqharūna	يُقْهَرُونَ yuqharūna
	f		تُقْهَرِينَ tuqharīna	تُقْهَرُ tuqharu			تُقْهَرَانِ tuqharāni			تُقْهَرْنَ tuqharna	يُقْهَرْنَ yuqharna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقْهَرَ ʔuqhara	تُقْهَرَ tuqhara	يُقْهَرَ yuqhara		تُقْهَرَا tuqharā	يُقْهَرَا yuqharā		نُقْهَرَ nuqhara	تُقْهَرُوا tuqharū	يُقْهَرُوا yuqharū
	f		تُقْهَرِي tuqharī	تُقْهَرَ tuqhara			تُقْهَرَا tuqharā			تُقْهَرْنَ tuqharna	يُقْهَرْنَ yuqharna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقْهَرْ ʔuqhar	تُقْهَرْ tuqhar	يُقْهَرْ yuqhar		تُقْهَرَا tuqharā	يُقْهَرَا yuqharā		نُقْهَرْ nuqhar	تُقْهَرُوا tuqharū	يُقْهَرُوا yuqharū
	f		تُقْهَرِي tuqharī	تُقْهَرْ tuqhar			تُقْهَرَا tuqharā			تُقْهَرْنَ tuqharna	يُقْهَرْنَ yuqharna

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qahr/

Noun

قَهْر • (qahr) m

1. verbal noun of قَهَرَ (qahara)
2. constraint, compulsion
3. force, violence
4. ill-treatment, harshness, oppression

Declension

Declension of noun قَهْر (qahr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَهْر qahr	الْقَهْر al-qahr	قَهْر qahr
Nominative	قَهْرٌ qahrun	الْقَهْرُ al-qahru	قَهْرُ qahru
Accusative	قَهْرًا qahran	الْقَهْرَ al-qahra	قَهْرَ qahra
Genitive	قَهْرٍ qahrin	الْقَهْرِ al-qahri	قَهْرِ qahri

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qəhr
• → Classical Persian: قَهْر (qahr)
  • Tajik: қаҳр (qahr)
  • → Bashkir: ҡәһәр (qəhər)
  • → Karaim: кахир
  • → Kazakh: қаһар (qahar)
  • → Northern Kurdish: qehr, qehir
  • → Kyrgyz: каар (kaar)
  • → Pashto: قهر (qahr)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: क़हर (qahar)

    Urdu: قَہْر (qahr)

  • → Tatar: каһәр (qahär), qähär
  • → Uyghur: قەھر (qehr)
  • → Uzbek: qahr
• → Ottoman Turkish: قهر (ḳahr)

  Turkish: kahır

• → Turkmen: gahar

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق ه ر
2 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic قَهَرَ (qahara).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡa.har/

Verb

قهر • (gahar) I (non-past يِقْهَر (yighar))

1. to cause wrath
2. to cause frustration

Conjugation

Conjugation of قهر (gahar)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قهرت (gahart)	قهرت (gahart)	قهر (gahar)		قهرنا (gaharna)	قهرتوا (gahartu)	قهروا (gaharu)
	f		قهرتي (gaharti)	قهرت (gaharat)
non-past	m	أقهر (ʔaghar)	تقهر (tighar)	يقهر (yighar)		نقهر (nighar)	تقهروا (tigharu)	يقهروا (yigharu)
	f		تقهري (tighari)	تقهر (tighar)
imperative	m		اقهر (aghar)				اقهروا (agharu)
	f		اقهري (aghari)

Etymology 2

From Arabic قَهْر (qahr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡa.har/

Noun

قَهَر • (gahar) m (construct state قَهْر (gahr))

1. wrath
2. frustration

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَهْر (qahr, “wrath, frustration”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qahɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qäɦɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qäɦɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qɑːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qɔːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qæɦɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qäɦɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	qahr
Dari reading?	qahr
Iranian reading?	ğahr
Tajik reading?	qahr

Noun

قَهْر • (qahr)

1. anger

   مَه کَت(ی) تُو قَار دَارَم (more colloquial, Dari) ― ma kat(ē) tū qār dāram ― I'm angry with you!

Descendants

• Tajik: қаҳр (qahr)
• → Bashkir: ҡәһәр (qəhər)
• → Karaim: кахир
• → Kazakh: қаһар (qahar)
• → Northern Kurdish: qehr, qehir
• → Kyrgyz: каар (kaar)
• → Pashto: قهر (qahr)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: क़हर (qahar)

  Urdu: قَہْر (qahr)

• → Tatar: каһәр (qahär), qähär
• → Uyghur: قەھر (qehr)
• → Uzbek: qahr

Adjective

قَهْر • (qahr)

1. sulky, angry

   من باهات قهرم! (colloquial Iranian) ― man bâ-hât qahr-am! ― I'm miffed by you!

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “قهر”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim