عدن

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ع د ن (ʕ d n)
6 terms

The sense “Eden” is a borrowing from Biblical Hebrew עֵדֶן (ʿḗden). The meaning “to stay, to remain” appears to be denominal verb of عِدَّان (ʕiddān, “set time; set place of staying”), with it of use particular to Bedouins, only the meaning “to strike” the original Arabic meaning, whence transferred “to break up the soil to manure”.

Proper noun

عَدْن • (ʕadn) m

1. Eden
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 98:8:

     جَزَاؤُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّٰتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا

     jazāʔuhum ʕinda rabbihim jannātu ʕadnin tajrī min taḥtihā l-ʔanhāru ḵālidīna fīhā ʔabadan

     Their reward is with their Lord - the gardens of Eden [with] rivers running beneath them - wherein they abide forever.

   • 1865 CE, Bible (SVD), Book of Genesis, 2:10:

     وَكَانَ نَهْرٌ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ عَدْنٍ لِيَسْقِيَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ، وَمِنْ هُنَاكَ يَنْقَسِمُ فَيَصِيرُ أَرْبَعَةَ رُؤُوسٍ.

     wakāna nahrun yaḵruju min ʕadnin liyasqiya l-jannata, wamin hunāka yanqasimu fayaṣīru ʔarbaʕata ruʔūsin.

     And a river is going out from Eden to water the garden, and from there it is parted, and has become four chief [rivers];

Declension

Declension of noun عَدْن (ʕadn)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	عَدْن ʕadn	—
Nominative	—	عَدْنٌ ʕadnun	—
Accusative	—	عَدْنًا ʕadnan	—
Genitive	—	عَدْنٍ ʕadnin	—

Proper noun

عَدَن • (ʕadan) m

1. Aden (a port city in Yemen)

Declension

Declension of noun عَدَن (ʕadan)

Singular	basic singular diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	عَدَن ʕadan	—
Nominative	—	عَدَنُ ʕadanu	—
Accusative	—	عَدَنَ ʕadana	—
Genitive	—	عَدَنَ ʕadana	—

Verb

عَدَنَ • (ʕadana) I (non-past يَعْدِنُ (yaʕdinu) or يَعْدُنُ (yaʕdunu), verbal noun عَدْن (ʕadn) or عُدُون (ʕudūn))

1. to stay, to bide, to remain
2. to strike sharply with a hoe or the like
3. to dung, to manure, to fertilize

Conjugation

    Conjugation of عَدَنَ (I, sound, a ~ i/u, full passive (?), verbal nouns عَدْن, عُدُون)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						عَدْن, عُدُون ʕadn, ʕudūn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						عَادِن ʕādin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَعْدُون maʕdūn
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عَدَنْتُ ʕadantu	عَدَنْتَ ʕadanta	عَدَنَ ʕadana		عَدَنْتُمَا ʕadantumā	عَدَنَا ʕadanā		عَدَنَّا ʕadannā	عَدَنْتُمْ ʕadantum	عَدَنُوا ʕadanū
	f		عَدَنْتِ ʕadanti	عَدَنَتْ ʕadanat			عَدَنَتَا ʕadanatā			عَدَنْتُنَّ ʕadantunna	عَدَنَّ ʕadanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَعْدِنُ, أَعْدُنُ ʔaʕdinu, ʔaʕdunu	تَعْدِنُ, تَعْدُنُ taʕdinu, taʕdunu	يَعْدِنُ, يَعْدُنُ yaʕdinu, yaʕdunu		تَعْدِنَانِ, تَعْدُنَانِ taʕdināni, taʕdunāni	يَعْدِنَانِ, يَعْدُنَانِ yaʕdināni, yaʕdunāni		نَعْدِنُ, نَعْدُنُ naʕdinu, naʕdunu	تَعْدِنُونَ, تَعْدُنُونَ taʕdinūna, taʕdunūna	يَعْدِنُونَ, يَعْدُنُونَ yaʕdinūna, yaʕdunūna
	f		تَعْدِنِينَ, تَعْدُنِينَ taʕdinīna, taʕdunīna	تَعْدِنُ, تَعْدُنُ taʕdinu, taʕdunu			تَعْدِنَانِ, تَعْدُنَانِ taʕdināni, taʕdunāni			تَعْدِنَّ, تَعْدُنَّ taʕdinna, taʕdunna	يَعْدِنَّ, يَعْدُنَّ yaʕdinna, yaʕdunna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَعْدِنَ, أَعْدُنَ ʔaʕdina, ʔaʕduna	تَعْدِنَ, تَعْدُنَ taʕdina, taʕduna	يَعْدِنَ, يَعْدُنَ yaʕdina, yaʕduna		تَعْدِنَا, تَعْدُنَا taʕdinā, taʕdunā	يَعْدِنَا, يَعْدُنَا yaʕdinā, yaʕdunā		نَعْدِنَ, نَعْدُنَ naʕdina, naʕduna	تَعْدِنُوا, تَعْدُنُوا taʕdinū, taʕdunū	يَعْدِنُوا, يَعْدُنُوا yaʕdinū, yaʕdunū
	f		تَعْدِنِي, تَعْدُنِي taʕdinī, taʕdunī	تَعْدِنَ, تَعْدُنَ taʕdina, taʕduna			تَعْدِنَا, تَعْدُنَا taʕdinā, taʕdunā			تَعْدِنَّ, تَعْدُنَّ taʕdinna, taʕdunna	يَعْدِنَّ, يَعْدُنَّ yaʕdinna, yaʕdunna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَعْدِنْ, أَعْدُنْ ʔaʕdin, ʔaʕdun	تَعْدِنْ, تَعْدُنْ taʕdin, taʕdun	يَعْدِنْ, يَعْدُنْ yaʕdin, yaʕdun		تَعْدِنَا, تَعْدُنَا taʕdinā, taʕdunā	يَعْدِنَا, يَعْدُنَا yaʕdinā, yaʕdunā		نَعْدِنْ, نَعْدُنْ naʕdin, naʕdun	تَعْدِنُوا, تَعْدُنُوا taʕdinū, taʕdunū	يَعْدِنُوا, يَعْدُنُوا yaʕdinū, yaʕdunū
	f		تَعْدِنِي, تَعْدُنِي taʕdinī, taʕdunī	تَعْدِنْ, تَعْدُنْ taʕdin, taʕdun			تَعْدِنَا, تَعْدُنَا taʕdinā, taʕdunā			تَعْدِنَّ, تَعْدُنَّ taʕdinna, taʕdunna	يَعْدِنَّ, يَعْدُنَّ yaʕdinna, yaʕdunna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِعْدِنْ, اُعْدُنْ iʕdin, uʕdun			اِعْدِنَا, اُعْدُنَا iʕdinā, uʕdunā				اِعْدِنُوا, اُعْدُنُوا iʕdinū, uʕdunū
	f		اِعْدِنِي, اُعْدُنِي iʕdinī, uʕdunī							اِعْدِنَّ, اُعْدُنَّ iʕdinna, uʕdunna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عُدِنْتُ ʕudintu	عُدِنْتَ ʕudinta	عُدِنَ ʕudina		عُدِنْتُمَا ʕudintumā	عُدِنَا ʕudinā		عُدِنَّا ʕudinnā	عُدِنْتُمْ ʕudintum	عُدِنُوا ʕudinū
	f		عُدِنْتِ ʕudinti	عُدِنَتْ ʕudinat			عُدِنَتَا ʕudinatā			عُدِنْتُنَّ ʕudintunna	عُدِنَّ ʕudinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُعْدَنُ ʔuʕdanu	تُعْدَنُ tuʕdanu	يُعْدَنُ yuʕdanu		تُعْدَنَانِ tuʕdanāni	يُعْدَنَانِ yuʕdanāni		نُعْدَنُ nuʕdanu	تُعْدَنُونَ tuʕdanūna	يُعْدَنُونَ yuʕdanūna
	f		تُعْدَنِينَ tuʕdanīna	تُعْدَنُ tuʕdanu			تُعْدَنَانِ tuʕdanāni			تُعْدَنَّ tuʕdanna	يُعْدَنَّ yuʕdanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعْدَنَ ʔuʕdana	تُعْدَنَ tuʕdana	يُعْدَنَ yuʕdana		تُعْدَنَا tuʕdanā	يُعْدَنَا yuʕdanā		نُعْدَنَ nuʕdana	تُعْدَنُوا tuʕdanū	يُعْدَنُوا yuʕdanū
	f		تُعْدَنِي tuʕdanī	تُعْدَنَ tuʕdana			تُعْدَنَا tuʕdanā			تُعْدَنَّ tuʕdanna	يُعْدَنَّ yuʕdanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعْدَنْ ʔuʕdan	تُعْدَنْ tuʕdan	يُعْدَنْ yuʕdan		تُعْدَنَا tuʕdanā	يُعْدَنَا yuʕdanā		نُعْدَنْ nuʕdan	تُعْدَنُوا tuʕdanū	يُعْدَنُوا yuʕdanū
	f		تُعْدَنِي tuʕdanī	تُعْدَنْ tuʕdan			تُعْدَنَا tuʕdanā			تُعْدَنَّ tuʕdanna	يُعْدَنَّ yuʕdanna

Verb

عَدَّنَ • (ʕaddana) II (non-past يُعَدِّنُ (yuʕaddinu), verbal noun تَعْدِين (taʕdīn))

1. to dung, to manure, to fertilize
2. to strike sharply (e.g. with the miner’s pickaxe صَاقُور (ṣāqūr)), to mine in

Conjugation

    Conjugation of عَدَّنَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَعْدِين)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَعْدِين taʕdīn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُعَدِّن muʕaddin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُعَدَّن muʕaddan
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عَدَّنْتُ ʕaddantu	عَدَّنْتَ ʕaddanta	عَدَّنَ ʕaddana		عَدَّنْتُمَا ʕaddantumā	عَدَّنَا ʕaddanā		عَدَّنَّا ʕaddannā	عَدَّنْتُمْ ʕaddantum	عَدَّنُوا ʕaddanū
	f		عَدَّنْتِ ʕaddanti	عَدَّنَتْ ʕaddanat			عَدَّنَتَا ʕaddanatā			عَدَّنْتُنَّ ʕaddantunna	عَدَّنَّ ʕaddanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُعَدِّنُ ʔuʕaddinu	تُعَدِّنُ tuʕaddinu	يُعَدِّنُ yuʕaddinu		تُعَدِّنَانِ tuʕaddināni	يُعَدِّنَانِ yuʕaddināni		نُعَدِّنُ nuʕaddinu	تُعَدِّنُونَ tuʕaddinūna	يُعَدِّنُونَ yuʕaddinūna
	f		تُعَدِّنِينَ tuʕaddinīna	تُعَدِّنُ tuʕaddinu			تُعَدِّنَانِ tuʕaddināni			تُعَدِّنَّ tuʕaddinna	يُعَدِّنَّ yuʕaddinna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعَدِّنَ ʔuʕaddina	تُعَدِّنَ tuʕaddina	يُعَدِّنَ yuʕaddina		تُعَدِّنَا tuʕaddinā	يُعَدِّنَا yuʕaddinā		نُعَدِّنَ nuʕaddina	تُعَدِّنُوا tuʕaddinū	يُعَدِّنُوا yuʕaddinū
	f		تُعَدِّنِي tuʕaddinī	تُعَدِّنَ tuʕaddina			تُعَدِّنَا tuʕaddinā			تُعَدِّنَّ tuʕaddinna	يُعَدِّنَّ yuʕaddinna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعَدِّنْ ʔuʕaddin	تُعَدِّنْ tuʕaddin	يُعَدِّنْ yuʕaddin		تُعَدِّنَا tuʕaddinā	يُعَدِّنَا yuʕaddinā		نُعَدِّنْ nuʕaddin	تُعَدِّنُوا tuʕaddinū	يُعَدِّنُوا yuʕaddinū
	f		تُعَدِّنِي tuʕaddinī	تُعَدِّنْ tuʕaddin			تُعَدِّنَا tuʕaddinā			تُعَدِّنَّ tuʕaddinna	يُعَدِّنَّ yuʕaddinna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		عَدِّنْ ʕaddin			عَدِّنَا ʕaddinā				عَدِّنُوا ʕaddinū
	f		عَدِّنِي ʕaddinī							عَدِّنَّ ʕaddinna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عُدِّنْتُ ʕuddintu	عُدِّنْتَ ʕuddinta	عُدِّنَ ʕuddina		عُدِّنْتُمَا ʕuddintumā	عُدِّنَا ʕuddinā		عُدِّنَّا ʕuddinnā	عُدِّنْتُمْ ʕuddintum	عُدِّنُوا ʕuddinū
	f		عُدِّنْتِ ʕuddinti	عُدِّنَتْ ʕuddinat			عُدِّنَتَا ʕuddinatā			عُدِّنْتُنَّ ʕuddintunna	عُدِّنَّ ʕuddinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُعَدَّنُ ʔuʕaddanu	تُعَدَّنُ tuʕaddanu	يُعَدَّنُ yuʕaddanu		تُعَدَّنَانِ tuʕaddanāni	يُعَدَّنَانِ yuʕaddanāni		نُعَدَّنُ nuʕaddanu	تُعَدَّنُونَ tuʕaddanūna	يُعَدَّنُونَ yuʕaddanūna
	f		تُعَدَّنِينَ tuʕaddanīna	تُعَدَّنُ tuʕaddanu			تُعَدَّنَانِ tuʕaddanāni			تُعَدَّنَّ tuʕaddanna	يُعَدَّنَّ yuʕaddanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعَدَّنَ ʔuʕaddana	تُعَدَّنَ tuʕaddana	يُعَدَّنَ yuʕaddana		تُعَدَّنَا tuʕaddanā	يُعَدَّنَا yuʕaddanā		نُعَدَّنَ nuʕaddana	تُعَدَّنُوا tuʕaddanū	يُعَدَّنُوا yuʕaddanū
	f		تُعَدَّنِي tuʕaddanī	تُعَدَّنَ tuʕaddana			تُعَدَّنَا tuʕaddanā			تُعَدَّنَّ tuʕaddanna	يُعَدَّنَّ yuʕaddanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعَدَّنْ ʔuʕaddan	تُعَدَّنْ tuʕaddan	يُعَدَّنْ yuʕaddan		تُعَدَّنَا tuʕaddanā	يُعَدَّنَا yuʕaddanā		نُعَدَّنْ nuʕaddan	تُعَدَّنُوا tuʕaddanū	يُعَدَّنُوا yuʕaddanū
	f		تُعَدَّنِي tuʕaddanī	تُعَدَّنْ tuʕaddan			تُعَدَّنَا tuʕaddanā			تُعَدَّنَّ tuʕaddanna	يُعَدَّنَّ yuʕaddanna

Noun

عَدْن • (ʕadn) m

1. verbal noun of عَدَنَ (ʕadana) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun عَدْن (ʕadn)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَدْن ʕadn	الْعَدْن al-ʕadn	عَدْن ʕadn
Nominative	عَدْنٌ ʕadnun	الْعَدْنُ al-ʕadnu	عَدْنُ ʕadnu
Accusative	عَدْنًا ʕadnan	الْعَدْنَ al-ʕadna	عَدْنَ ʕadna
Genitive	عَدْنٍ ʕadnin	الْعَدْنِ al-ʕadni	عَدْنِ ʕadni

Adenium obesum

Noun

عَدَن • (ʕadan) m (collective, singulative عَدَنَة f (ʕadana))

1. (Yemen, Jazan) Adenium gen. et spp.
   • 2018 April 13, “زهرة عدن [Adenium Obesum]”, in EcoFoci‎^[1]:

     وتعرف أيضا بشجرة عدنة وهي نبات معمر يتواجد في المناطق الجبلية وشبه الجبلية كجزيرة سوقطرى في اليمن ومدينة جازان في السعودية كما توجد كذلك في الهند والصين وبورما.

     It is also known as ʿadana-tree and it is a perennial plant found in mountainous and semi-mountainous regions like Socotra, in Yemen, in the city of Jazan in Saudi-Arabia, and also India, China and Burma.

Declension

Declension of noun عَدَن (ʕadan)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَدَن ʕadan	الْعَدَن al-ʕadan	عَدَن ʕadan
Nominative	عَدَنٌ ʕadanun	الْعَدَنُ al-ʕadanu	عَدَنُ ʕadanu
Accusative	عَدَنًا ʕadanan	الْعَدَنَ al-ʕadana	عَدَنَ ʕadana
Genitive	عَدَنٍ ʕadanin	الْعَدَنِ al-ʕadani	عَدَنِ ʕadani
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَدَنَة ʕadana	الْعَدَنَة al-ʕadana	عَدَنَة ʕadanat
Nominative	عَدَنَةٌ ʕadanatun	الْعَدَنَةُ al-ʕadanatu	عَدَنَةُ ʕadanatu
Accusative	عَدَنَةً ʕadanatan	الْعَدَنَةَ al-ʕadanata	عَدَنَةَ ʕadanata
Genitive	عَدَنَةٍ ʕadanatin	الْعَدَنَةِ al-ʕadanati	عَدَنَةِ ʕadanati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَدَنَتَيْن ʕadanatayn	الْعَدَنَتَيْن al-ʕadanatayn	عَدَنَتَيْ ʕadanatay
Nominative	عَدَنَتَانِ ʕadanatāni	الْعَدَنَتَانِ al-ʕadanatāni	عَدَنَتَا ʕadanatā
Accusative	عَدَنَتَيْنِ ʕadanatayni	الْعَدَنَتَيْنِ al-ʕadanatayni	عَدَنَتَيْ ʕadanatay
Genitive	عَدَنَتَيْنِ ʕadanatayni	الْعَدَنَتَيْنِ al-ʕadanatayni	عَدَنَتَيْ ʕadanatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَدَنَات ʕadanāt	الْعَدَنَات al-ʕadanāt	عَدَنَات ʕadanāt
Nominative	عَدَنَاتٌ ʕadanātun	الْعَدَنَاتُ al-ʕadanātu	عَدَنَاتُ ʕadanātu
Accusative	عَدَنَاتٍ ʕadanātin	الْعَدَنَاتِ al-ʕadanāti	عَدَنَاتِ ʕadanāti
Genitive	عَدَنَاتٍ ʕadanātin	الْعَدَنَاتِ al-ʕadanāti	عَدَنَاتِ ʕadanāti

Etymology 2

Verb

عدن (form I)

1. عُدْنَ (ʕudna) /ʕud.na/: inflection of عَادَ (ʕāda):
   1. third-person feminine plural past active
   2. second-person feminine plural imperative
2. عِدْنَ (ʕidna) /ʕid.na/: third-person feminine plural past passive of عَادَ (ʕāda)

Etymology 3

Verb

عِدْنَ • (ʕidna) (form I) /ʕid.na/

1. second-person feminine plural imperative of وَعَدَ (waʕada)

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔa.ˈðan]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.d̪ǽn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.d̪ǽn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔä.d̪ǽn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔä.d̪ǽn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæ.d̪ǽn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.d̪ǽn]

Readings
Classical reading?	aḏan
Dari reading?	adan
Iranian reading?	adan
Tajik reading?	adan

Proper noun

عدن • ('adan)

1. Eden

   باغ عدن ― bâğ-e 'adan ― the Garden of Eden

2. Aden (a city in Yemen)