شرك
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Root |
---|
ش ر ك (š r k) |
13 terms |
Verb
[edit]شَرِكَ • (šarika) I (non-past يَشْرَكُ (yašraku), verbal noun شِرْك (širk) or شِرْكَة (širka) or شَرِكَة (šarika))
- (obsolete) to have the shoe strings broken
- (transitive) to share, to participate with (someone)
- to become a partner, to be a participant, to be an associate
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
شِرْك, شِرْكَة, شَرِكَة širk, širka, šarika | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
شَرِيك šarīk | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَشْرُوك mašrūk | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شَرِكْتُ šariktu |
شَرِكْتَ šarikta |
شَرِكَ šarika |
شَرِكْتُمَا šariktumā |
شَرِكَا šarikā |
شَرِكْنَا šariknā |
شَرِكْتُمْ šariktum |
شَرِكُوا šarikū | |||
f | شَرِكْتِ šarikti |
شَرِكَتْ šarikat |
شَرِكَتَا šarikatā |
شَرِكْتُنَّ šariktunna |
شَرِكْنَ šarikna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَشْرَكُ ʔašraku |
تَشْرَكُ tašraku |
يَشْرَكُ yašraku |
تَشْرَكَانِ tašrakāni |
يَشْرَكَانِ yašrakāni |
نَشْرَكُ našraku |
تَشْرَكُونَ tašrakūna |
يَشْرَكُونَ yašrakūna | |||
f | تَشْرَكِينَ tašrakīna |
تَشْرَكُ tašraku |
تَشْرَكَانِ tašrakāni |
تَشْرَكْنَ tašrakna |
يَشْرَكْنَ yašrakna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَشْرَكَ ʔašraka |
تَشْرَكَ tašraka |
يَشْرَكَ yašraka |
تَشْرَكَا tašrakā |
يَشْرَكَا yašrakā |
نَشْرَكَ našraka |
تَشْرَكُوا tašrakū |
يَشْرَكُوا yašrakū | |||
f | تَشْرَكِي tašrakī |
تَشْرَكَ tašraka |
تَشْرَكَا tašrakā |
تَشْرَكْنَ tašrakna |
يَشْرَكْنَ yašrakna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَشْرَكْ ʔašrak |
تَشْرَكْ tašrak |
يَشْرَكْ yašrak |
تَشْرَكَا tašrakā |
يَشْرَكَا yašrakā |
نَشْرَكْ našrak |
تَشْرَكُوا tašrakū |
يَشْرَكُوا yašrakū | |||
f | تَشْرَكِي tašrakī |
تَشْرَكْ tašrak |
تَشْرَكَا tašrakā |
تَشْرَكْنَ tašrakna |
يَشْرَكْنَ yašrakna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِشْرَكْ išrak |
اِشْرَكَا išrakā |
اِشْرَكُوا išrakū |
||||||||
f | اِشْرَكِي išrakī |
اِشْرَكْنَ išrakna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شُرِكْتُ šuriktu |
شُرِكْتَ šurikta |
شُرِكَ šurika |
شُرِكْتُمَا šuriktumā |
شُرِكَا šurikā |
شُرِكْنَا šuriknā |
شُرِكْتُمْ šuriktum |
شُرِكُوا šurikū | |||
f | شُرِكْتِ šurikti |
شُرِكَتْ šurikat |
شُرِكَتَا šurikatā |
شُرِكْتُنَّ šuriktunna |
شُرِكْنَ šurikna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُشْرَكُ ʔušraku |
تُشْرَكُ tušraku |
يُشْرَكُ yušraku |
تُشْرَكَانِ tušrakāni |
يُشْرَكَانِ yušrakāni |
نُشْرَكُ nušraku |
تُشْرَكُونَ tušrakūna |
يُشْرَكُونَ yušrakūna | |||
f | تُشْرَكِينَ tušrakīna |
تُشْرَكُ tušraku |
تُشْرَكَانِ tušrakāni |
تُشْرَكْنَ tušrakna |
يُشْرَكْنَ yušrakna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُشْرَكَ ʔušraka |
تُشْرَكَ tušraka |
يُشْرَكَ yušraka |
تُشْرَكَا tušrakā |
يُشْرَكَا yušrakā |
نُشْرَكَ nušraka |
تُشْرَكُوا tušrakū |
يُشْرَكُوا yušrakū | |||
f | تُشْرَكِي tušrakī |
تُشْرَكَ tušraka |
تُشْرَكَا tušrakā |
تُشْرَكْنَ tušrakna |
يُشْرَكْنَ yušrakna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُشْرَكْ ʔušrak |
تُشْرَكْ tušrak |
يُشْرَكْ yušrak |
تُشْرَكَا tušrakā |
يُشْرَكَا yušrakā |
نُشْرَكْ nušrak |
تُشْرَكُوا tušrakū |
يُشْرَكُوا yušrakū | |||
f | تُشْرَكِي tušrakī |
تُشْرَكْ tušrak |
تُشْرَكَا tušrakā |
تُشْرَكْنَ tušrakna |
يُشْرَكْنَ yušrakna |
Etymology 2
[edit]Root |
---|
ش ر ك (š r k) |
13 terms |
The meaning of associating partners to a god or sharing allegiance across multiple gods is, according to Jeffery 1938, a semantic loan from Old South Arabian 𐩦𐩧𐩫 (s²rk).
Noun
[edit]شِرْك • (širk) m (plural أَشْرَاك (ʔašrāk))
- verbal noun of شَرِكَ (šarika) (form I)
- (uncountable, Islam) polytheism, idolatry
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 31:13:
- وَإِذْ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِٱبْنِهِ وَهُوَ يَعِظُهُ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِٱللّٰهِۖ إِنَّ ٱلشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ
- waʔiḏ qāla luqmānu libnihi wahuwa yaʕiẓuhu yā bunayya lā tušrik bi-l-lāhi ʔinna š-širka laẓulmun ʕaẓīmun
- When Luqman said to his son, as he advised him: "O my son! Do not ascribe any partners to God. Polytheism is indeed a great injustice."
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 35:14:
- إِن تَدْعُوهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُوا دُعَاءَكُمْ وَلَوْ سَمِعُوا مَا ٱسْتَجَابُوا لَكُمْۖ وَيَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَامَةِ يَكْفُرُونَ بِشِرْكِكُمْۚ وَلَا يُنَبِّئُكَ مِثْلُ خَبِيرٍ
- ʔin tadʕūhum lā yasmaʕū duʕāʔakum walaw samiʕū mā stajābū lakum wayawma l-qiyāmati yakfurūna biširkikum walā yunabbiʔuka miṯlu ḵabīrin
- If you invoke them they will not hear your invocation, and even if they heard they cannot respond to you, and on the Day of Resurrection they will forswear your polytheism, and none can inform you like the One who is all-aware.
- (countable) share
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شِرْك širk |
الشِّرْك aš-širk |
شِرْك širk |
Nominative | شِرْكٌ širkun |
الشِّرْكُ aš-širku |
شِرْكُ širku |
Accusative | شِرْكًا širkan |
الشِّرْكَ aš-širka |
شِرْكَ širka |
Genitive | شِرْكٍ širkin |
الشِّرْكِ aš-širki |
شِرْكِ širki |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شِرْكَيْن širkayn |
الشِّرْكَيْن aš-širkayn |
شِرْكَيْ širkay |
Nominative | شِرْكَانِ širkāni |
الشِّرْكَانِ aš-širkāni |
شِرْكَا širkā |
Accusative | شِرْكَيْنِ širkayni |
الشِّرْكَيْنِ aš-širkayni |
شِرْكَيْ širkay |
Genitive | شِرْكَيْنِ širkayni |
الشِّرْكَيْنِ aš-širkayni |
شِرْكَيْ širkay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْرَاك ʔašrāk |
الْأَشْرَاك al-ʔašrāk |
أَشْرَاك ʔašrāk |
Nominative | أَشْرَاكٌ ʔašrākun |
الْأَشْرَاكُ al-ʔašrāku |
أَشْرَاكُ ʔašrāku |
Accusative | أَشْرَاكًا ʔašrākan |
الْأَشْرَاكَ al-ʔašrāka |
أَشْرَاكَ ʔašrāka |
Genitive | أَشْرَاكٍ ʔašrākin |
الْأَشْرَاكِ al-ʔašrāki |
أَشْرَاكِ ʔašrāki |
Descendants
[edit]- → English: shirk
- → Persian: شرک (šerk)
- → Japanese: シルク (shiruku)
- → Malay: شيريک (syirik)
- → Urdu: شرک (širk)
Etymology 3
[edit]Root |
---|
ش ر ك (š r k) |
13 terms |
Noun
[edit]شَرَك • (šarak) m (plural شُرُك (šuruk) or أَشْرَاك (ʔašrāk) or شِرَاك (širāk))
- net, snare, trap, booby trap
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَرَك šarak |
الشَّرَك aš-šarak |
شَرَك šarak |
Nominative | شَرَكٌ šarakun |
الشَّرَكُ aš-šaraku |
شَرَكُ šaraku |
Accusative | شَرَكًا šarakan |
الشَّرَكَ aš-šaraka |
شَرَكَ šaraka |
Genitive | شَرَكٍ šarakin |
الشَّرَكِ aš-šaraki |
شَرَكِ šaraki |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَرَكَيْن šarakayn |
الشَّرَكَيْن aš-šarakayn |
شَرَكَيْ šarakay |
Nominative | شَرَكَانِ šarakāni |
الشَّرَكَانِ aš-šarakāni |
شَرَكَا šarakā |
Accusative | شَرَكَيْنِ šarakayni |
الشَّرَكَيْنِ aš-šarakayni |
شَرَكَيْ šarakay |
Genitive | شَرَكَيْنِ šarakayni |
الشَّرَكَيْنِ aš-šarakayni |
شَرَكَيْ šarakay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شُرُك; أَشْرَاك; شِرَاك šuruk; ʔašrāk; širāk |
الشُّرُك; الْأَشْرَاك; الشِّرَاك aš-šuruk; al-ʔašrāk; aš-širāk |
شُرُك; أَشْرَاك; شِرَاك šuruk; ʔašrāk; širāk |
Nominative | شُرُكٌ; أَشْرَاكٌ; شِرَاكٌ šurukun; ʔašrākun; širākun |
الشُّرُكُ; الْأَشْرَاكُ; الشِّرَاكُ aš-šuruku; al-ʔašrāku; aš-širāku |
شُرُكُ; أَشْرَاكُ; شِرَاكُ šuruku; ʔašrāku; širāku |
Accusative | شُرُكًا; أَشْرَاكًا; شِرَاكًا šurukan; ʔašrākan; širākan |
الشُّرُكَ; الْأَشْرَاكَ; الشِّرَاكَ aš-šuruka; al-ʔašrāka; aš-širāka |
شُرُكَ; أَشْرَاكَ; شِرَاكَ šuruka; ʔašrāka; širāka |
Genitive | شُرُكٍ; أَشْرَاكٍ; شِرَاكٍ šurukin; ʔašrākin; širākin |
الشُّرُكِ; الْأَشْرَاكِ; الشِّرَاكِ aš-šuruki; al-ʔašrāki; aš-širāki |
شُرُكِ; أَشْرَاكِ; شِرَاكِ šuruki; ʔašrāki; širāki |
Etymology 4
[edit]Root |
---|
ش ر ك (š r k) |
13 terms |
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]شُرُك • (šuruk) m pl
Etymology 5
[edit]Root |
---|
ش ر ك (š r k) |
13 terms |
Adjective
[edit]شُرُك • (šuruk)
Declension
[edit]Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | شُرُك šuruk |
الشُّرُك aš-šuruk |
شُرُكَة šuruka |
الشُّرُكَة aš-šuruka |
Nominative | شُرُكٌ šurukun |
الشُّرُكُ aš-šuruku |
شُرُكَةٌ šurukatun |
الشُّرُكَةُ aš-šurukatu |
Accusative | شُرُكًا šurukan |
الشُّرُكَ aš-šuruka |
شُرُكَةً šurukatan |
الشُّرُكَةَ aš-šurukata |
Genitive | شُرُكٍ šurukin |
الشُّرُكِ aš-šuruki |
شُرُكَةٍ šurukatin |
الشُّرُكَةِ aš-šurukati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | شُرُكَيْن šurukayn |
الشُّرُكَيْن aš-šurukayn |
شُرُكَتَيْن šurukatayn |
الشُّرُكَتَيْن aš-šurukatayn |
Nominative | شُرُكَانِ šurukāni |
الشُّرُكَانِ aš-šurukāni |
شُرُكَتَانِ šurukatāni |
الشُّرُكَتَانِ aš-šurukatāni |
Accusative | شُرُكَيْنِ šurukayni |
الشُّرُكَيْنِ aš-šurukayni |
شُرُكَتَيْنِ šurukatayni |
الشُّرُكَتَيْنِ aš-šurukatayni |
Genitive | شُرُكَيْنِ šurukayni |
الشُّرُكَيْنِ aš-šurukayni |
شُرُكَتَيْنِ šurukatayni |
الشُّرُكَتَيْنِ aš-šurukatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
plural unknown | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
شُرُكَات šurukāt |
الشُّرُكَات aš-šurukāt |
Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
شُرُكَاتٌ šurukātun |
الشُّرُكَاتُ aš-šurukātu |
Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
شُرُكَاتٍ šurukātin |
الشُّرُكَاتِ aš-šurukāti |
Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
شُرُكَاتٍ šurukātin |
الشُّرُكَاتِ aš-šurukāti |
References
[edit]- Freytag, Georg (1833) “شرك”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 415–416
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 185–186
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “شرك”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[2] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 651
Moroccan Arabic
[edit]Pronunciation 1
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Verb
[edit]شرك • (šrak) I (non-past يشرك (yišrak))
- to share
- شركته معاه. ― šraktu mʕāh. ― I shared it with him.
- to become a partner, to be a participant, to be an associate
- شركت معاه فديك القهوة. ― šrakt mʕāh f-dīk el-qahwa. ― I became his partner in that café.
Conjugation
[edit]1=ش 2=ر 3=ك 4=š 5=r 6=kPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Etymology 2
[edit]From Arabic أَشْرَكَ (ʔašraka).
Verb
[edit]شرك • (šrak) I (non-past يشرك (yišrak))
Conjugation
[edit]1=ش 2=ر 3=ك 4=š 5=r 6=kPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Pronunciation 2
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]شرك • (širk) m
Pronunciation 3
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Arabic شَرَّجَ (šarraja).
Verb
[edit]شرك • (šarrag) II (non-past يشرك (yšarrag))
- to rip, to tear
- Synonym: قطع (qaṭṭaʕ)
- علاش شركتي سروالك؟ ― ʕlāš šarragti sarwālek? ― Why did you tear your trousers?
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of شرك | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | شرّكت (šarragt) | شرّكتي (šarragti) | شرّك (šarrag) | شرّكنا (šarragna) | شرّكتوا (šarragtu) | شرّكوا (šarrgu) | |
f | شرّكت (šarrgāt) | |||||||
non-past | m | نشرّك (nšarrag) | تشرّك (tšarrag) | يشرّك (yšarrag) | نشرّكوا (nšarrgu) | تشرّكوا (tšarrgu) | يشرّكوا (yšarrgu) | |
f | تشرّكي (tšarrgi) | تشرّك (tšarrag) | ||||||
imperative | m | شرّك (šarrag) | شرّكوا (šarrgu) | |||||
f | شرّكي (šarrgi) |
Alternative forms
[edit]- Arabic terms belonging to the root ش ر ك
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic terms with obsolete senses
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel i and non-past vowel a
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic semantic loans from Old South Arabian
- Arabic terms derived from Old South Arabian
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic verbal nouns
- Arabic uncountable nouns
- ar:Islam
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic countable nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- ar:Trapping
- Arabic non-lemma forms
- Arabic noun forms
- Arabic adjectives
- Arabic adjectives with basic triptote singular
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic adjectives with unknown plural
- Arabic adjectives with sound feminine plural
- ar:Paganism
- Moroccan Arabic 1-syllable words
- Moroccan Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Moroccan Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic lemmas
- Moroccan Arabic verbs
- Moroccan Arabic form-I verbs
- Moroccan Arabic terms with usage examples
- Moroccan Arabic nouns
- Moroccan Arabic masculine nouns
- Moroccan Arabic uncountable nouns
- ary:Islam
- Moroccan Arabic 2-syllable words
- Moroccan Arabic form-II verbs
- Moroccan Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Moroccan Arabic sound verbs