سیم

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian سیم (sim).

Noun

سیم • (sim)

1. silver, a lustrous, white, metallic element

   Synonyms: فضه (fudda), كومش (gümüş)

2. money and coins made of silver

   Synonym: درم (direm)

3. silverlike thread, lace or metalware, wire

Derived terms

• سیمدوز (sim-duz, “one who stitches with silverlike threads”)
• سیمذقن (sim-zakan, “silver-chinned”)
• سیمین (simin, “of silver; silver-like”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: sim
• → Armenian: սիմ (sim)

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “sim5”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4243
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سیم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 710
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Argentum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 82
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سیم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1736
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sim1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سیم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1103

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] ((ʾ)sym /⁠(a)sēm⁠/, “silver”), from Old Persian 𐎿𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎶 (s-i-y-m-m /⁠siyamam⁠/), from Ancient Greek ἄσημον (ásēmon, “silverware”), neuter form of ἄσημος (ásēmos, “pure, unmarked”). Akin to Parthian hsym (hasēm, “silver”), Bactrian σιμινο (simino, “made of silver, silverware”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [siːm]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [siːm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [siːm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [siːm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sim]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [siːm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sim]

Readings
Classical reading?	sīm
Dari reading?	sīm
Iranian reading?	sim
Tajik reading?	sim

Noun

سیم • (sim) (plural سیم‌ها (sim-hâ))

1. wire

   سیم تلفن ― sim-e telefon ― telephone wire

   سیم خاردار ― sim-e xârdâr ― barbed wire

2. string; cord

   سیم ویولن ― sim-e viyolon ― violin string

3. (original sense, now poetic) silver

   Synonym: نقره (noqre)

   • c. 1850, Mirzā Ḥabib-Allāh Širāzi Qāʾāni, وله ایضاً فی مدحه:

     نرگسک آن طشت سیم باز به سر برنهاد
     بر سر سیمینه طشت طاسک زر برنهاد

     nargesak ân tašt-e sim bâz be sar barnehâd
     bar sar-e simine tasht tâsak-e zar barnehâd

     The little narcissus has again put that silver basin on its head
     Upon the silvery head, the basin has put a little golden bowl

4. (now poetic) wealth; money

Derived terms

• بی‌سیم (bi-sim)
• سیم خاردار (sim(-e) xârdâr)
• سیم ظرفشویی (sim(-e) zarfšuyi)
• سیم و زر (sim o zar)
• سیم کشیدن (sim kešidan)
• سیمین (simin)
• سیمینه (simine)
• سیم‌پیچ (sim-pič)
• سیم‌کشی (sim-keši)
• ماهی سیم (mâhi-ye sim)

 

Descendants

• → Gujarati: સીમ (sīm)

References

• Philip Huyse (2012 February 23) “Greek Loanwords in Middle Iranian Languages”, in Encyclopaedia Iranica‎^[5]

Etymology 2

Short for ماهی سیم (mâhi-ye sim), literally “silver fish”, but its old form was شیم (šim).

Noun

سیم • (sim) (plural سیم‌ها (sim-hâ))

1. bream

Etymology 3

From سی (si, “thirty”) + ـم (-om, “-th, -eth (ordinal number suffix))”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [si.jum]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [si.jʊm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [si.jʊm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [si.jʊm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [su.jum]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [si.jom]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [si.jum]

Readings
Classical reading?	siyum
Dari reading?	siyum
Iranian reading?	siyom
Tajik reading?	siyum

Adjective

سیم • (siyom)

1. thirtieth

Etymology 4

Inherited from Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠seyom⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [si.jum]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [si.jʊm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [si.jʊm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [si.jʊm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [su.jum]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sejom]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [si.jum]

Readings
Classical reading?	siyum
Dari reading?	siyum
Iranian reading?	seyom
Tajik reading?	siyum

Noun

سیم • (seyom)

1. Archaic form of سوم (sevvom, “third”)