خرطوم

Arabic

Etymology

From the root خ ر ط م (ḵ-r-ṭ-m). Compare Hebrew חַרְטוֹם (ḥarṭōm).

Noun

خُرْطُوم • (ḵurṭūm) m (plural خَرَاطِيم (ḵarāṭīm))

1. trunk (of an elephant), snout, muzzle, nose
2. ugly face
3. sucking pipe of a pump or similar
4. spout, nozzle
5. hose

Declension

Declension of noun خُرْطُوم (ḵurṭūm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خُرْطُوم ḵurṭūm	الْخُرْطُوم al-ḵurṭūm	خُرْطُوم ḵurṭūm
Nominative	خُرْطُومٌ ḵurṭūmun	الْخُرْطُومُ al-ḵurṭūmu	خُرْطُومُ ḵurṭūmu
Accusative	خُرْطُومًا ḵurṭūman	الْخُرْطُومَ al-ḵurṭūma	خُرْطُومَ ḵurṭūma
Genitive	خُرْطُومٍ ḵurṭūmin	الْخُرْطُومِ al-ḵurṭūmi	خُرْطُومِ ḵurṭūmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خُرْطُومَيْن ḵurṭūmayn	الْخُرْطُومَيْن al-ḵurṭūmayn	خُرْطُومَيْ ḵurṭūmay
Nominative	خُرْطُومَانِ ḵurṭūmāni	الْخُرْطُومَانِ al-ḵurṭūmāni	خُرْطُومَا ḵurṭūmā
Accusative	خُرْطُومَيْنِ ḵurṭūmayni	الْخُرْطُومَيْنِ al-ḵurṭūmayni	خُرْطُومَيْ ḵurṭūmay
Genitive	خُرْطُومَيْنِ ḵurṭūmayni	الْخُرْطُومَيْنِ al-ḵurṭūmayni	خُرْطُومَيْ ḵurṭūmay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَرَاطِيم ḵarāṭīm	الْخَرَاطِيم al-ḵarāṭīm	خَرَاطِيم ḵarāṭīm
Nominative	خَرَاطِيمُ ḵarāṭīmu	الْخَرَاطِيمُ al-ḵarāṭīmu	خَرَاطِيمُ ḵarāṭīmu
Accusative	خَرَاطِيمَ ḵarāṭīma	الْخَرَاطِيمَ al-ḵarāṭīma	خَرَاطِيمَ ḵarāṭīma
Genitive	خَرَاطِيمَ ḵarāṭīma	الْخَرَاطِيمِ al-ḵarāṭīmi	خَرَاطِيمِ ḵarāṭīmi

Descendants

• Maltese: ħartum
• → Azerbaijani: xortum
• → Georgian: ხორთუმი (xortumi)
• → Greek: χαρτούμι (chartoúmi)
• → Ottoman Turkish: خرطوم
  • Turkish: hortum
  • → Romanian: furtun, hortum

References

• Haywood, J.A., Nahmad, H.M. (1965) “خرطوم”, in A new Arabic grammar, 2^nd edition, London: Lund Humphries, →ISBN
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 164–165
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “خرطوم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate, page 724
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “خرطوم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen, page 320
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “خرطوم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 330

Ottoman Turkish

خرطوم

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خُرْطُوم (ḵurṭūm, “trunk, proboscis”).

Noun

خرطوم • (hurtum or hortum) (definite accusative خرطومی (hortumu), plural خراطیم (haratim))

1. trunk, proboscis, the conspicuously extended, mobile nose-like organ of an animal such as the elephant

   Synonym: دوژ (duj)

2. hose, a flexible, hollow tube or pipe designed to convey water or other fluid from one location to another

Descendants

• Turkish: hortum
• → Romanian: furtun, hortum

Proper noun

خرطوم • (hartum)

1. Khartoum (the capital city of Sudan)

Descendants

• Turkish: Hartum

Further reading

• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “hortum”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1987
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “hortum”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[4] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 448
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “خرطوم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[5], Constantinople: Mihran, page 537
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Proboscis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[6], Vienna, column 1364
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “خرطوم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[7], Vienna, column 1883
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hortum”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “خرطوم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[8], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 840
• Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Hartum”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎^[9], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 333