جاسوس
Appearance
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܓܳܫܽܘܫܳܐ (gāšōšā), mixed into the root ج س س (j-s-s), or a phono-semantic matching from Classical Syriac with respect to the Arabic root.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]جَاسُوس • (jāsūs) m (plural جَوَاسِيس (jawāsīs))
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun جَاسُوس (jāsūs)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَاسُوس jāsūs |
الْجَاسُوس al-jāsūs |
جَاسُوس jāsūs |
Nominative | جَاسُوسٌ jāsūsun |
الْجَاسُوسُ al-jāsūsu |
جَاسُوسُ jāsūsu |
Accusative | جَاسُوسًا jāsūsan |
الْجَاسُوسَ al-jāsūsa |
جَاسُوسَ jāsūsa |
Genitive | جَاسُوسٍ jāsūsin |
الْجَاسُوسِ al-jāsūsi |
جَاسُوسِ jāsūsi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | جَاسُوسَيْن jāsūsayn |
الْجَاسُوسَيْن al-jāsūsayn |
جَاسُوسَيْ jāsūsay |
Nominative | جَاسُوسَانِ jāsūsāni |
الْجَاسُوسَانِ al-jāsūsāni |
جَاسُوسَا jāsūsā |
Accusative | جَاسُوسَيْنِ jāsūsayni |
الْجَاسُوسَيْنِ al-jāsūsayni |
جَاسُوسَيْ jāsūsay |
Genitive | جَاسُوسَيْنِ jāsūsayni |
الْجَاسُوسَيْنِ al-jāsūsayni |
جَاسُوسَيْ jāsūsay |
Plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَوَاسِيس jawāsīs |
الْجَوَاسِيس al-jawāsīs |
جَوَاسِيس jawāsīs |
Nominative | جَوَاسِيسُ jawāsīsu |
الْجَوَاسِيسُ al-jawāsīsu |
جَوَاسِيسُ jawāsīsu |
Accusative | جَوَاسِيسَ jawāsīsa |
الْجَوَاسِيسَ al-jawāsīsa |
جَوَاسِيسَ jawāsīsa |
Genitive | جَوَاسِيسَ jawāsīsa |
الْجَوَاسِيسِ al-jawāsīsi |
جَوَاسِيسِ jawāsīsi |
Related terms
[edit]- تَجَسَّسَ (tajassasa, “spy”, verb)
Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: casus
- → Armenian: ջասուս (ǰasus)
- → Northern Kurdish: casûs
- → Persian: جاسوس
- → Swahili: jasusi
- → Ottoman Turkish: جاسوس (câsûs)
- → Uzbek: josus / жосус (josus)
- → Zazaki: casus
References
[edit]- “جاسوس” in Almaany
- “gšwš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 243
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “جاسوس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 277
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “جاسوس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 423
- Shapira, Dan D. Y. (2009) “Irano-Arabica: contamination and popular etymology. Notes on the Persian and Arabic lexicons (with references to Aramaic, Hebrew and Turkic)”, in Христианский Восток – Новая Серия, volume 5 (XI), Moscow: Издательство Российской Академии Наук и Государственного Эрмитажа, page 176
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɑː.ˈsuːs]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɒː.súːs]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɔ.sús]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | jāsūs |
Dari reading? | jāsūs |
Iranian reading? | jâsus |
Tajik reading? | josus |
Noun
[edit]Dari | جاسوس |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | ҷосус |
جاسوس • (jâsus) (plural جواسیس (javâsis) or جاسوسان (jâsusân))
- spy
- c. 1670, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “Ghazal 74”, in دیوان [Dīvān][3]:
- نیست از رازِ نهانِ من خبر جاسوس را
نبضِ من بندِ زبان گردید جالینوس را- nēst az rāz-i nahān-i man xabar jasūs rā
nabz-i man band-i zabān gardīd jālīnūs rā - The spy has no news of my hidden secret;
My pulse has closed its mouth to Galen.
- nēst az rāz-i nahān-i man xabar jasūs rā
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Gujarati: જાસૂસ (jāsūs)
- → Hindustani:
- → Punjabi:
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian جاسوس (jāsūs), from Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs), from Classical Syriac ܓܫܘܫܐ (gāšōšā).
Noun
[edit]جاسُوس • (jāsūs) m (Hindi spelling जासूस)
- spy
- داؤد اورنگ آبادی (Dāud Auraṅgābādī) :
- دل میں خیالِ یار ہے جاسوس کی نمط
رکھتا ہوں اس کوں ننگ سوں ناموس کی نمط- dil mẽ xayāl-e-yār hai jāsūs kī namat
rakhtā hū̃ is kū̃ naṅg sū̃ nāmūs kī namat
- dil mẽ xayāl-e-yār hai jāsūs kī namat
- دل میں خیالِ یار ہے جاسوس کی نمط
- detective
Declension
[edit]Declension of جاسوس | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
direct | جاسوس (jāsūs) | جاسوس (jāsūs) | ||||||
oblique | جاسوس (jāsūs) | جاسوسوں (jāsūsõ) | ||||||
vocative | جاسوس (jāsūs) | جاسوسو (jāsūso) |
Categories:
- Arabic terms borrowed from Classical Syriac
- Arabic terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ج س س
- Arabic phono-semantic matchings from Classical Syriac
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural
- ar:Occupations
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ج س س
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with quotations
- fa:Occupations
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root ج س س
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu terms with quotations
- Urdu nouns with declension
- Urdu masculine consonant-stem nouns
- ur:Occupations