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تبر

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Arabic

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Aramaic תְּבְרָא / ܬܷܒܪܐ (təḇrā, fragment), absolute state תְּבַר / ܬܒܱܪ (tḇar), from תְּבַר / ܬܒܱܪ (tḇar, to break, to fract), the Aramaic equivalent to Arabic ثَبَرَ (ṯabara, to destroy).

Noun

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تِبْر (tibrm (collective, singulative تِبْرَة f (tibra))

  1. pure, unalloyed ore of gold or silver
    • 7th century CE, Sunan Abī Dāwud, 23:24:
      الذَّهَبُ بِٱلذَّهَبِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَٱلْفِضَّةُ بِٱلْفِضَّةِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَٱلْبُرُّ بِٱلْبُرِّ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلشَّعِيرُ بِٱلشَّعِيرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلتَّمْرُ بِٱلتَّمْرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلْمِلْحُ بِٱلْمِلْحِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ
      aḏ-ḏahabu bi-ḏ-ḏahabi tibruhā waʕaynuhā wal-fiḍḍatu bi-l-fiḍḍati tibruhā waʕaynuhā wal-burru bi-l-burri mudyun bimudyin waš-šaʕīru bi-š-šaʕīri mudyun bimudyin wat-tamru bi-t-tamri mudyun bimudyin wal-milḥu bi-l-milḥi mudyun bimudyin
      Gold is to be weighed for in gold, raw and coined, silver in silver, raw and coined, wheat in wheat in equal measure, barley in barley in equal measure, dates in dates in equal measure, salt in salt in equal measure.
Declension
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Descendants
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  • Middle Armenian: թիպր (tʻipr)
  • Ottoman Turkish: تبر (tibr)

Etymology 2

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Verb

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تَبَّرَ (tabbara) II (non-past يُتَبِّرُ (yutabbiru), verbal noun تَتْبِير (tatbīr))

  1. to destroy; to annihilate
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:39:
      وَكُلًّا ضَرَبْنَا لَهُ ٱلْأَمْثَٰلَ وَكُلًّا تَبَّرْنَا تَتْبِيرًا
      wakullan ḍarabnā lahu l-ʔamṯāla wakullan tabbarnā tatbīran
      For each We set forth (various) lessons, and We ultimately destroyed each.
Conjugation
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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تَبُرْ (tabur) (form I) /ta.bur/

  1. inflection of بَارَ (bāra):
    1. second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive
    2. third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive

References

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  • tbr2”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis[1] (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 25
  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “تبر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 183
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “تبر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 133

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Persian تبر (tabar, axe, hatchet).

Noun

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تبر (teber)

  1. axe, hatchet, a tool for felling trees or chopping wood
    Synonyms: بالطه (balta), فاس (fas), مكشاح (mikşah)
  2. battle axe, an ancient military weapon in the form of an axe
    Synonyms: بالطه (balta), فاس (fas)
  3. halberd, a weapon consisting of a long pole with an axe-like blade mounted on it
  4. tuberose, any flowering plant in the genus Polianthes
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Arabic تِبْر (tibr, unalloyed ore of gold or silver).

Noun

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تبر (tibr)

  1. pure, unalloyed ore or nuggets of gold or silver
Descendants
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Further reading

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Persian

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Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fa

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Compare Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian տապար (tapar), Proto-Slavic *toporъ.

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? taḇar
Dari reading? tabar
Iranian reading? tabar
Tajik reading? tabar
  • Audio (Iran):(file)

Noun

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تبر (tabar)

  1. hatchet, axe, or mattock

Descendants

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References

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