اندر

See also: أندر, انذر, أنذر, and آندر

Hijazi Arabic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /andur/

Verb

اندر • (andur)

1. second-person singular imperative of نَدَر (nadar)

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭡𐭩𐭭 (BYN /⁠andar⁠/), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (aⁿtar, “among, within”), from Proto-Iranian *Hántarah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hántaras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁énteros (“inner, what is inside”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔan.daɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæn̪.d̪æɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	andar
Dari reading?	andar
Iranian reading?	andar
Tajik reading?	andar

Preposition

اندر • (andar)

1. Archaic and poetic form of در (dar, “in; inside”)

Usage notes

• After the twelfth century, the shortened در (dar) becomes increasingly dominant, although اندر (andar) is still used in poetry for metrical and intentionally archaicizing purposes.

Related terms

• اندرون (andarun)
• اندرونی (andaruni)
• اندری (andari)

 

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اندر (andar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ənd̪ərʊ]

Adverb

اَندَرُ • (andaru) (Devanagari अंदरु)

1. inside

References

• Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “اَندَرُ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian اندر (andar, “inside, within”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ən.d̪əɾ/

Adverb

اَنْدَر • (andar) (Hindi spelling अंदर)

1. inside
2. within
3. in

Related terms

• اَنْدَر باہَر (andar bāhar, “within and without; everywhere”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit उन्दुर (undura), उन्दुरु (unduru), उन्दरु (undaru), etc. from a lost Vedic substrate. Compare Bengali ইন্দুর (indur), ইঁদুর (ĩdur).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪn.d̪ʊɾ/

Noun

اِنْدُر • (indur) m (Hindi spelling इंदुर)

1. rat
2. mouse

Etymology 3

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit इन्द्र (indra). Compare Punjabi اندر (iṇdar), Kalasha اِن (in), Kamkata-viri ایںدر (ī˜drʻ), and Prasuni اِندر (indr).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪn.d̪ɾᵊ/
• (colloquial) IPA^(key): /ɪn.d̪əɾ/

Proper noun

اِنْدْر • (indr) m (Hindi spelling इंद्र)

1. (Hinduism, Vedic religion) Indra (king of the deities and god of rain and thunder)
2. a male given name, Indar or Indra, from Sanskrit, of Sikh and Hindu usage

Derived terms

• اِنْدْر جال (indr jāl, “trick, deception; magic”, literally “trap of Indra”)
• اِنْدْر دَھنُش (indr dhanuś, “rainbow”, literally “bow of Indra”)
• اِنْدْر کی پَری (indr kī parī, “beautiful woman; strange”, literally “Indra's fairy”)
• اِنْدْر لوک (indr lok, “heaven”, literally “realm of Indra”)

Etymology 4

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit अनिद्र (anidra).

Adjective

اَنِدْر • (anidr) (Hindi spelling अनिद्र)

1. awake
2. wakeful
3. sleepless

References

• “اندر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “اندر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “اندر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “اندر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.