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אב

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Aramaic

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Etymology

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From Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum).

Noun

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אַב (ʾaḇm

  1. absolute form of אַבָּא (ʾabbā)

Proper noun

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אָב (ʾāvm

  1. August
  2. Av

Descendants

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  • Classical Syriac: ܐܒ (ʾāv)
    • Arabic: آب (ʔāb)
  • Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܵܒ (āb)
  • Turoyo: ܐܳܒ (ob)

References

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  • ˀb2”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 1

Hebrew

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Etymology 1

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Root
א־ב (ʾ-b)

From Proto-Semitic *ʔabw-. Doublet of אַבָּא (ába), which was borrowed from Aramaic. Cognate with Arabic أب.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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אָב (ávm (plural indefinite אָבוֹת, singular construct אֲבִי־, feminine counterpart אֵם)

  1. father (a male parent, especially of a human; a male who parents a child (which he has sired, adopted, fostered, taken as his own, etc.))
    • 2016, March 31, nrg
      יו"ר מרצ גלאון אמרה בעקבות שיחתו של נתניהו עם אבי החייל היורה מחברון: []
      Yo"R [yoshévet rósh] mérets gal'ón am'rá b'ik'vót sikható shel n'tanyáhu im aví hakhayál hayoré mekhevrón: []
      Chairman of Meretz Gal-On said, following Netanyahu's conversation with the father of the shooting soldier from Hebron: []
  2. ancestor, forefather
  3. progenitor
  4. originator
  5. prototype
Usage notes
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  • In Modern Hebrew, the singular construct form אַב is also used.
Declension
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Derived terms
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Noun

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אַב (av)

  1. singular construct state form of אָב (av).

Etymology 2

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From Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum).

Proper noun

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אָב (ávm

  1. (Judaism) Av (the eleventh month of the civil year and the fifth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Tammuz and before Elul)
    • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Ta'anit 4:6:
      חֲמִשָּׁה דְבָרִים אֵרְעוּ אֶת אֲבוֹתֵינוּ בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר בְּתַמּוּז וַחֲמִשָּׁה בְּתִשְׁעָה בְאָב.
      Ḥamishá d'varím er'ú et avoténu b-shiv'a asár b-Tammúz, va-ḥamishá b-tish'á b-Av.
      Five things befell our ancestors on the seventeenth of Tammuz, and five things on the ninth of Av.
    • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Ta'anit 29a:
      אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר שִׁילַת מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרַב: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁמִּשֶּׁנִּכְנַס אָב מְמַעֲטִין בְּשִׂמְחָה — כָּךְ מִשֶּׁנִּכְנַס אֲדָר מַרְבִּין בְּשִׂמְחָה.
      amár rav y'hudá b'reh d'rav shmu'él bar shilát mi-shmeh d'rav: k-shem she-mi-she-nikhnás av m'ma'tín b-simkhá — kakh mi-she-nikhnás adár marbín b-simkhá.
      Said R. Judah son of Rav Shmuel son of Sheilath, in the name of Rav: just as when Av comes one decreases rejoicing, so too when Adar comes one increases rejoicing.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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See also
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Further reading

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Etymology 3

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Root
א־ב־ב (ʾ-b-b)

Related to Akkadian 𒄧 (inbum), Arabic أَبّ (ʔabb, meadow), Aramaic אִנְבָּא.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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אֵב (évm (plural indefinite איבים / אִבִּים) [pattern: קֵטֶל]

  1. swelling, spreading.
  2. the young shoots of a tree, opposed to the branches growing directly from the trunk.
    • Tanach, Song of Songs 6:11, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      אֶל־גִּנַּת אֱגוֹז יָרַדְתִּי לִרְאוֹת בְּאִבֵּי הַנָּחַל
      el-ginát egóz yarádti lir'ot b'ibé hanákhal
      I went down into the garden of nuts, to look at the green plants of the valley
  3. (in the plural) state of growth, development
Derived terms
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Anagrams

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