կրուկն
Old Armenian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Composed of the root *կուր (*kur) + -ուկն (-ukn). The origin of *կուր (*kur) is uncertain. It has been compared to Ancient Greek γυρός (gurós, “round, curved”), γῦρος (gûros, “circle”), Old Armenian կուռն (kuṙn, “back”), Laz ქური (kuri, “heel”), Urartian 𒆪𒊑𒂊 (ku-ri-e /qurə, kuri, kure/, “foot”), Hurrian 𒌨𒉌 (ur-ni /urni; possibly ukrə, ukri, ukre/, “foot”). The later form կրունկ (krunk) developed by an anticipation of the nasal.
Noun
[edit]կրուկն • (krukn)
- heel
- Synonym: գարշապար (garšapar)
- դառնալ ընդ կրուկն, դարձ ընդ կրուկն առնել ― daṙnal ənd krukn, darj ənd krukn aṙnel ― to fall or go back, to recede, to go backwards, to retreat
- յետս ընդ կրուկն դառնալ, ընդ կրուկն նահանջիլ ― yets ənd krukn daṙnal, ənd krukn nahanǰil ― to turn back, to retrace one's steps
- hinge
Declension
[edit]n-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | կրուկն (krukn) | կրկունք (krkunkʻ) | |
| genitive | կրկան (krkan) | կրկանց (krkancʻ) | |
| dative | կրկան (krkan) | կրկանց (krkancʻ) | |
| accusative | կրուկն (krukn) | կրկունս (krkuns) | |
| ablative | կրկանէ (krkanē) | կրկանց (krkancʻ) | |
| instrumental | կրկամբ (krkamb) | կրկամբք (krkambkʻ) | |
| locative | կրկան (krkan) | կրկունս (krkuns) |
Derived terms
[edit]- ընկրկեմ (ənkrkem)
- ընկրկեցուցանեմ (ənkrkecʻucʻanem)
- ընկրկիչ (ənkrkičʻ)
- կրնկնակոխ (krnknakox)
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “կրուկն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “կրուկն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Fournet, Arnaud (2013) “About the Vocalic System of Armenian Words of Substratic Origin”, in Archív Orientalni[1], volume 81, number 2, page 12 of 207–222
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 380
- Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 208
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “կրուկն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Viredaz, Rémy (2017) La dissimilation d'aperture vocalique en arménien (loi d'Olsen)[2] (in French), Handout of a paper presented at the 11th International Congress on Armenian Linguistics, Yerevan, 2‒5 October, 2017, page 23