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երկք

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Old Armenian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from an unidentified Iranian cognate of Sogdian 𐫀𐫡𐫐 (ʾrk, “work, action, business”), Yagnobi арк (ark, “work”), Wakhi yark (“work”), Khwarezmian [script needed] (ʾrk, “work, labour”), Northern Kurdish erk (“task, duty”), Central Kurdish ئەرک (erk, “idem”), Khwarezmian [script needed] (ʾrk, “work, labour”), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (hlg /⁠harg⁠/, “duty, tribute; work, effort”).[1] Doublet of հարկ (hark). For the ultimate origin see Cheung.[2]

Noun

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երկք • (erkkʻ) pl

  1. work, labour
    Synonyms: գործ (gorc), աշխատանք (ašxatankʻ), վաստակ (vastak), ջան (ǰan), աշխատասիրութիւն (ašxatasirutʻiwn)
    երկս արկանել ― erks arkanel ― to strive hard, to make an effort to, to tire oneself; to endeavour, to try
    • 5th century, Bible, Job 2.9b:[3]
      ուստերք քո եւ դստերք իմոյ որովայնի երկք եւ երկունք
      usterkʻ kʻo ew dsterkʻ imoy orovayni erkkʻ ew erkunkʻ
      • Translation by Claude E. Cox
        your sons and daughters, my womb's labours and birth-pangs
    • 5th century, Bible, Ezekiel 23.29:
      Եւ գնասցեն ընդ քեզ ատելութեամբ, եւ առցեն զամենայն վաստակս քո եւ զերկս քո․ եւ եղիցես՝ մերկ եւ խայտառակեալ, եւ յայտնեսցի ամօթ պոռնկութեան քո, եւ ամպարշտութիւնն քո եւ պոռնկութիւն քո։:
      Ew gnascʻen ənd kʻez atelutʻeamb, ew aṙcʻen zamenayn vastaks kʻo ew zerks kʻo; ew ełicʻes, merk ew xaytaṙakeal, ew yaytnescʻi amōtʻ poṙnkutʻean kʻo, ew amparštutʻiwnn kʻo ew poṙnkutʻiwn kʻo.:

Usage notes

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  • Should not be confused with երկն (erkn, “birth throes”).
  • In Job, translates Ancient Greek πόνοι (pónoi).

Declension

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o-type
plural (plurale tantum)
nominative երկք (erkkʻ)
genitive երկոց (erkocʻ)
dative երկոց (erkocʻ)
accusative երկս (erks)
ablative երկոց (erkocʻ)
instrumental երկովք (erkovkʻ)
locative երկս (erks)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Armenian: երկ (erk) (learned)

References

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  1. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “երկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 58a
  2. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 131–132
  3. ^ Cox, Claude E. (2006) Armenian Job: reconstructed Greek text, critical edition of the Armenian with English translation (Hebrew University Armenian studies; 8), Leuven – Paris – Dudley, MA: Peeters, page 58

Further reading

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  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “երկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Gharib, B. (1995) “ʾrk”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 57a
  • Ġazarean, Ṙubēn (2006) “երկք”, in Grabari homanišneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Old Armenian Synonyms], Yerevan: University Press
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “երկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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