чета

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ceta"

Bulgarian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic чьсти (čĭsti), from Proto-Slavic *čisti. Colloquially and dialectally, the doublet читам (čitam) from Proto-Slavic *čitati is used as well.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɛˈtɤ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

чета́ • (četá) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective прочета́)

1. to read

Conjugation

    Conjugation of чета́ (conjugation 1.1, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	четя́щ četjášt	чел čel	четя́л četjál	че́тен čéten		чете́йки četéjki
	definite subject form	четя́щият četjáštijat	че́лият čélijat	—	че́теният čétenijat
	definite object form	четя́щия četjáštija	че́лия čélija	—	че́тения čétenija
feminine	indefinite	четя́ща četjášta	че́ла čéla	четя́ла četjála	че́тена čétena
	definite	четя́щата četjáštata	че́лата čélata	—	че́тената čétenata
neuter	indefinite	четя́що četjášto	че́ло čélo	четя́ло četjálo	че́тено čéteno	че́тене čétene
	definite	четя́щото četjáštoto	че́лото čéloto	—	че́теното čétenoto	че́тенето čéteneto
plural	indefinite	четя́щи četjášti	че́ли čéli	чете́ли četéli	че́тени čéteni	че́тения, че́тенета čétenija, čéteneta
	definite	четя́щите četjáštite	че́лите čélite	—	че́тените čétenite	че́тенията, че́тенетата čétenijata, čétenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		чета́ četá	чете́ш četéš	чете́ četé	чете́м četém	чете́те četéte	чета́т četát
imperfect		четя́х četjáh	чете́ше četéše	чете́ше četéše	четя́хме četjáhme	четя́хте četjáhte	четя́ха četjáha
aorist		че́тох čétoh	че́те čéte	че́те čéte	че́тохме čétohme	че́тохте čétohte	че́тоха čétoha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and четя́л m, четя́ла f, четя́ло n, or чете́ли pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and четя́л m, четя́ла f, четя́ло n, or чете́ли pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and четя́л m, четя́ла f, четя́ло n, or чете́ли pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and чел m, че́ла f, че́ло n, or че́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			чети́ četí			чете́те četéte

Alternative forms

• читам (čitam) — dialectal

Derived terms

verbs

• доизчета́ pf (doizčetá), доизчи́там impf (doizčítam)
• дочета́ pf (dočetá), дочи́там impf (dočítam)
• зачета́ pf (začetá), зачи́там impf (začítam)
• изчета́ pf (izčetá), изчи́там impf (izčítam)
• препрочета́ pf (prepročetá), препрочи́там impf (prepročítam)
• прочета́ pf (pročetá), прочи́там impf (pročítam)
• разчета́ pf (razčetá), разчи́там impf (razčítam)
• счета́ pf (sčetá), счи́там impf (sčítam)

 

Related terms

• читател (čitatel)
• читалня (čitalnja)
• читалище (čitalište)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *četa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛtɐ]

Noun

че́та • (čéta) f (relational adjective че́тен)

1. military unit, troop

   Synonyms: свод (svod), отряд (otrjad), полк (polk)

Usage notes

Traditionally refers to self-organized para-military troops that effectively acted as law enforcers (on a local level) during the late stages of the Ottoman Empire. Originally, they opposed and fought bandit bands, called hayduts. Later chetas turned against the central government and participated in uprisings against the Ottoman reign over the Balkans.

Declension

Declension of че́та

	singular	plural
indefinite	че́та čéta	че́ти čéti
definite	че́тата čétata	че́тите čétite

Derived terms

• че́тник (čétnik, “chetnik”) (member of a чета)
  • че́тнишки (čétniški)

References

• “чета”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *četa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛta]
• Hyphenation: че‧та
• Rhymes: -ɛta

Noun

чета • (četa) f (plural чети)

1. troop, squad

Declension

Declension of чета

	singular	plural
indefinite	чета (četa)	чети (četi)
definite unspecified	четата (četata)	четите (četite)
definite proximal	четава (četava)	четиве (četive)
definite distal	четана (četana)	четине (četine)
vocative	чето (četo)	чети (četi)

Derived terms

• контрачета f (kontračeta)
• контрачетник m (kontračetnik)
• четник m (četnik)
• четников (četnikov)
• четнички (četnički)
• четоводец m (četovodec)

 

See also

• банда f (banda)
• баталјон m (bataljon)
• бенд m (bend)
• бригада f (brigada)
• група f (grupa)
• дивизија f (divizija)
• полк m (polk)
• формација f (formacija)

 

References

• “чета” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic чета (četa, “troop, multitude, community”), from Proto-Slavic *četa, akin to Czech četa (“platoon, squad”), Serbo-Croatian чета, Bulgarian чета (četa), possibly Latin caterva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɪˈta]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophone: Чита́ (Čitá)

Noun

чета́ • (četá) f inan (genitive четы́, nominative plural четы́, genitive plural чет)

1. couple, pair
2. match

   быть не чета́ кому-л или чему-л ― bytʹ ne četá komu-l ili čemu-l ― to not be in someone's league, to be inferior or superior in some respect

Declension

Declension of чета́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	чета́ četá	четы́ četý
genitive	четы́ četý	че́т čét
dative	чете́ četé	чета́м četám
accusative	чету́ četú	четы́ četý
instrumental	чето́й, чето́ю četój, četóju	чета́ми četámi
prepositional	чете́ četé	чета́х četáx

Pre-reform declension of чета́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	чета́ četá	четы́ četý
genitive	четы́ četý	че́тъ čét
dative	четѣ́ četě́	чета́мъ četám
accusative	чету́ četú	четы́ četý
instrumental	чето́й, чето́ю četój, četóju	чета́ми četámi
prepositional	четѣ́ četě́	чета́хъ četáx

Related terms

• чётный (čótnyj), нечётный (nečótnyj)
• сочета́ние (sočetánije)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *četa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃêta/
• Hyphenation: че‧та

Noun

че̏та f (Latin spelling čȅta)

1. troop, squad, host

Declension

Declension of чета

	singular	plural
nominative	чета	чете
genitive	чете	че̑та̄
dative	чети	четама
accusative	чету	чете
vocative	чето	чете
locative	чети	четама
instrumental	четом	четама