хукам

Bulgarian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Probably onomatopoeic, from the call хууу (huuu) +‎ -кам (-kam).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈxukɐm]

Verb

ху́кам • (húkam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective ху́кна) (dialectal)

1. (transitive) to boo, to taunt
2. (transitive, intransitive) to gust, to blow away, to howl (of wind or creature)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of хо́кам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	хо́кащ hókašt	хо́кал, хока́л1 hókal, hokál1	хо́кал hókal	хо́кан hókan		хо́кайки hókajki
	definite subject form	хо́кащият hókaštijat	хо́калият, хока́лият1 hókalijat, hokálijat1	—	хо́каният hókanijat
	definite object form	хо́кащия hókaštija	хо́калия, хока́лия1 hókalija, hokálija1	—	хо́кания hókanija
feminine	indefinite	хо́каща hókašta	хо́кала, хока́ла1 hókala, hokála1	хо́кала hókala	хо́кана hókana
	definite	хо́кащата hókaštata	хо́калата, хока́лата1 hókalata, hokálata1	—	хо́каната hókanata
neuter	indefinite	хо́кащо hókašto	хо́кало, хока́ло1 hókalo, hokálo1	хо́кало hókalo	хо́кано hókano	хо́кане hókane
	definite	хо́кащото hókaštoto	хо́калото, хока́лото1 hókaloto, hokáloto1	—	хо́каното hókanoto	хо́кането hókaneto
plural	indefinite	хо́кащи hókašti	хо́кали, хока́ли1 hókali, hokáli1	хо́кали hókali	хо́кани hókani	хо́кания, хо́канета hókanija, hókaneta
	definite	хо́кащите hókaštite	хо́калите, хока́лите1 hókalite, hokálite1	—	хо́каните hókanite	хо́канията, хо́канетата hókanijata, hókanetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		хо́кам hókam	хо́каш hókaš	хо́ка hóka	хо́каме hókame	хо́кате hókate	хо́кат hókat
imperfect		хо́ках hókah	хо́каше hókaše	хо́каше hókaše	хо́кахме hókahme	хо́кахте hókahte	хо́каха hókaha
aorist		хо́ках, хока́х1 hókah, hokáh1	хо́ка, хока́1 hóka, hoká1	хо́ка, хока́1 hóka, hoká1	хо́кахме, хока́хме1 hókahme, hokáhme1	хо́кахте, хока́хте1 hókahte, hokáhte1	хо́каха, хока́ха1 hókaha, hokáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хо́кал m, хо́кала f, хо́кало n, or хо́кали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хо́кал m, хо́кала f, хо́кало n, or хо́кали pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and хо́кал m, хо́кала f, хо́кало n, or хо́кали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and хо́кал/хока́л1 m, хо́кала/хока́ла1 f, хо́кало/хока́ло1 n, or хо́кали/хока́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			хо́кай hókaj			хо́кайте hókajte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• ху́квам (húkvam, “to leap off, to dash”) (semelfactive)
• ху́кач (húkač) (agent noun, dialectal)

Related terms

• ха́кам (hákam, “to thwack”)
• хо́кам (hókam, “to rebuke”)

References

• “хукам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “хукам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “ху́камь (ху́квамь, да ху́кнѫ, ху́кнувамь)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 504

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈxukəm]

Noun

ху́кам • (xúkam) m inan pl

1. dative plural of хук (xuk)