ко

See also: -ко, коˮ, ӄө, к'о, ко-, and Appendix:Variations of "ko"

Adyghe

Etymology

Cognate with Kabardian куэ (kʷɛ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʰʷɜ/

Noun

ко • (kʷo)

1. thigh
2. thigh muscle

Declension

Declension of ко

case	singular	plural
indefinite	ко (kʷo)	кохэ (kʷoxɛ)
nominative	кор (kʷor)	кохэр (kʷoxɛr)
ergative	ком (kʷom)	кохэмэ (kʷoxɛmɛ)
instrumental	ко(м)кӏэ (kʷo(m)kʼɛ)	кохэ(м)кӏэ (kʷoxɛ(m)kʼɛ)
invertive	коу (kʷowu)	кохыу (kʷoxəwu)

Bezhta

Etymology

Akin to Chechen ка (ka).

Noun

ко̄ • (koo)

1. hand

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɔ]

Adverb

ко • (ko)

1. (poetic, regional) how

Preposition

ко • (ko)

1. (poetic, regional) as, like

Old Novgorodian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kъ(n).

Preposition

ко • (ko)

1. (with dative) to, towards

References

• “ко (letter no. 199)”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎^[1][2] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъ(n).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kə]
• IPA^(key): [kɐ] (before a stressed syllable)

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [ˈko] (when stressed)

• Audio:

  (file)

Preposition

ко • (ko) [with dative]

1. Alternative form of к (k): to, towards; by, for (a specified time); etc.

   ко мне́ ― ko mné ― to me

   ко вто́рнику ― ko vtórniku ― by Tuesday

Usage notes

• This is a variant of к (k) which is sometimes used before words beginning with certain consonant clusters such as вс- (vs-), вш- (vš-), вт- (vt-), льв- (lʹv-), льд- (lʹd-), льн- (lʹn-), лб- (lb-), лж- (lž-), мн- (mn-), мх- (mx-), рв- (rv-), рт- (rt-), рж- (rž-), сн- (sn-), фл- (fl-) and others.

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷid, (compare *kʷis).

Alternative forms

• тко̏ (Croatia)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kô/

Pronoun

ко̏ (Latin spelling kȍ)

1. (Bosnia, Serbia, interrogatively) who

   ко си ти? ― who are you?

2. (Bosnia, Serbia, relative and indefinite pronoun)

   било ко ― anybody, anyone

   мало ко ― very few people

   онај 'ко ― he who, whoever

Declension

Declension of ко

	singular/plural
nominative	тко̏, ко̏
genitive	ко̀га, ко̏г
dative	ко̀му, ко̀ме, ко̏м
accusative	ко̀га, ко̏г
vocative	—
locative	ко̀м, ко̀ме
instrumental	ки̑м, ки́ме

Etymology 2

From ка̏о.

Contraction

ко (Latin spelling ko)

1. (colloquial) Misspelling of k'o.

Related terms

• ка̏о

References

• “ко”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
• “ко”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025