τρέμω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *trémō, from Proto-Indo-European *trem- (“to tremble”),[1] extended form of Proto-Indo-European *ter-. The extended form Proto-Indo-European *tres- also yielded τρέω (tréō, “to dread, to terrify”).
Cognate with Latin tremō, Avestan 𐬙𐬭𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (trərəsaiti), Ancient Greek τρέω (tréō), Old Irish tarrach, Lithuanian trišu, Latvian trisēt, Old Church Slavonic трѧсѫ (tręsǫ) and Sanskrit त्रसति (trasati).
Also see τρόμος (trómos), τρομέω (troméō).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tré.mɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtre.mo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈtre.mo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈtre.mo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈtre.mo/
Verb
[edit]τρέμω • (trémō)
Inflection
[edit] Present: τρέμω, τρέμομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔτρεμον | ἔτρεμες | ἔτρεμε(ν) | ἐτρέμετον | ἐτρεμέτην | ἐτρέμομεν | ἐτρέμετε | ἔτρεμον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐτρεμόμην | ἐτρέμου | ἐτρέμετο | ἐτρέμεσθον | ἐτρεμέσθην | ἐτρεμόμεθᾰ | ἐτρέμεσθε | ἐτρέμοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: τετρέμηκᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | τετρέμηκᾰ | τετρέμηκᾰς | τετρέμηκε(ν) | τετρεμήκᾰτον | τετρεμήκᾰτον | τετρεμήκᾰμεν | τετρεμήκᾰτε | τετρεμήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | τετρεμήκω | τετρεμήκῃς | τετρεμήκῃ | τετρεμήκητον | τετρεμήκητον | τετρεμήκωμεν | τετρεμήκητε | τετρεμήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τετρεμήκοιμῐ, τετρεμηκοίην |
τετρεμήκοις, τετρεμηκοίης |
τετρεμήκοι, τετρεμηκοίη |
τετρεμήκοιτον | τετρεμηκοίτην | τετρεμήκοιμεν | τετρεμήκοιτε | τετρεμήκοιεν | |||||
imperative | τετρέμηκε | τετρεμηκέτω | τετρεμήκετον | τετρεμηκέτων | τετρεμήκετε | τετρεμηκόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τετρεμηκέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τετρεμηκώς | |||||||||||
f | τετρεμηκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | τετρεμηκός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀτρέμας (atrémas)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τρέμω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1502-3
Further reading
[edit]- “τρέμω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “τρέμω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “τρέμω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- τρέμω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- τρέμω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G5141 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek τρέμω (trémō).
Compare Mariupol Greek тре́му (trjému).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]τρέμω • (trémo) (imperfect έτρεμα) found only in the imperfective tenses
- to tremble, shake, shiver
- Synonyms: ανατριχιάζω (anatrichiázo), ριγώ (rigó)
- (figuratively) to fear, shake from fear
Conjugation
[edit]τρέμω (active forms only imperfective)
Active voice ➤ — Imperfective aspect ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Present ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Future ➤ | |
1 sg | τρέμω | έτρεμα | θα τρέμω | |
2 sg | τρέμεις | έτρεμες | θα τρέμεις | |
3 sg | τρέμει | έτρεμε | θα τρέμει | |
1 pl | τρέμουμε, [‑ομε] | τρέμαμε | θα τρέμουμε, [‑ομε] | |
2 pl | τρέμετε | τρέματε | θα τρέμετε | |
3 pl | τρέμουν(ε) | έτρεμαν, τρέμαν(ε) | θα τρέμουν(ε) | |
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present tense from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | 2 sg | 2 pl | ||
Imperfective aspect | — | τρέμετε | ||
Other forms | Present participle ➤ | |||
τρέμοντας ➤ | ||||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• Also, passive present participle: τρεμάμενος, -η, -ο. • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Related terms
[edit]- τρεμάμενος (tremámenos)
- τρέμολο n (trémolo, “tremolo”) (music)
- τρεμοπαίζω (tremopaízo)
- τρεμοσβήνω (tremosvíno)
- τρεμόσβηστος (tremósvistos)
- τρεμούλα f (tremoúla)
- τρεμουλιάζω (tremouliázo)
- τρεμουλιάρης (tremouliáris)
- τρεμουλιάρικος (tremouliárikos)
- τρεμούλιασμα n (tremoúliasma)
- τρεμουλιαστός (tremouliastós)
- τρέμουλο (trémoulo)
- τρεμοφέγγισμα n (tremoféngisma)
- τρεμοφέγγω (tremoféngo)
- τρέμω σαν το ψάρι (trémo san to psári, “shake like a leaf -lit:like a fish-”)
Further reading
[edit]- τρέμω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *trem-
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek irregular verbs
- Greek defective verbs
- Greek verbs lacking passive forms