τάφρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰembʰ-; compare Old Armenian դամբան (damban, “tomb”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tá.pʰros/ → /ˈta.ɸros/ → /ˈta.fros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tá.pʰros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈta.pʰros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈta.ɸros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈta.fros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈta.fros/

Noun

τάφρος • (táphros) f (genitive τάφρου); second declension

1. ditch, trench, moat

   Synonyms: κᾰ́πετος (kắpetos), ὄρῠγμᾰ (órŭgmă)

Declension

Second declension of ἡ τᾰ́φρος; τῆς τᾰ́φρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ τᾰ́φρος hē tắphros	τὼ τᾰ́φρω tṑ tắphrō	αἱ τᾰ́φροι hai tắphroi
Genitive	τῆς τᾰ́φρου tês tắphrou	τοῖν τᾰ́φροιν toîn tắphroin	τῶν τᾰ́φρων tôn tắphrōn
Dative	τῇ τᾰ́φρῳ têi tắphrōi	τοῖν τᾰ́φροιν toîn tắphroin	ταῖς τᾰ́φροις taîs tắphrois
Accusative	τὴν τᾰ́φρον tḕn tắphron	τὼ τᾰ́φρω tṑ tắphrō	τᾱ̀ς τᾰ́φρους tā̀s tắphrous
Vocative	τᾰ́φρε tắphre	τᾰ́φρω tắphrō	τᾰ́φροι tắphroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• θάπτω (tháptō)
• τάφος (táphos)

Further reading

• “τάφρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• τάφρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “τάφρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ditch idem, page 243.
  • entrenchment idem, page 278.
  • moat idem, page 537.
  • trench idem, page 893.

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τάφρος (táphros).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈta.fros/
• Hyphenation: τά‧φρος

Noun

τάφρος • (táfros) f (plural τάφροι)

1. moat, fosse
2. large ditch, large trench
3. marine trench

   η τάφρος των Μαριανών ― i táfros ton Marianón ― Mariana Trench

Declension

Declension of τάφρος

	singular	plural
nominative	τάφρος (táfros)	τάφροι (táfroi)
genitive	τάφρου (táfrou)	τάφρων (táfron)
accusative	τάφρο (táfro)	τάφρους (táfrous)
vocative	τάφρε (táfre) τάφρο (táfro)	τάφροι (táfroi)

Synonyms

• όρυγμα n (órygma, “trench”)
• αυλάκι n (avláki, “irrigation ditch”)
• χαντάκι n (chantáki, “gutter, ditch”)

Coordinate terms

• see: κάστρο n (kástro, “castle”)

Further reading

• τάφρος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el