στράγξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“to twist; rope”) (with morphological formation similar to that of στρίγξ (strínx) and λύγξ (lúnx)), and compared with Latin stringō (“to tie together”), Latvian stringt (“to become stiff”), and Proto-Germanic *strangiz (“string”). The sense development would be "to twist" > "to wrench, squeeze out" > "squeezed-out drop", while the root στραγγ- (strang-) would arise as a contamination of a zero-grade *στραγ- (*strag-) (< *strn̥gʰ-) and an e-grade *στρεγγ- (*streng-) (< *strengʰ-), with a substitution of *g for *gʰ in the nominal singular στράγξ (stránx). However, according to Beekes, it is not improbable that the word is Pre-Greek, due to the Indo-European derivation requiring several analogies and semantic shifts.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /stráŋks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /straŋks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /straŋks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /straŋks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /straŋks/

Noun

στράγξ • (stránx) f (genitive στραγγός); third declension

trickle, (squeezed-out) drop
Synonyms: πέμφιξ (pémphix), ῥαθάμιγξ (rhatháminx), ῥανίς (rhanís), σταγών (stagṓn), ψακάς (psakás), ψιάς (psiás)

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ στράγξ; τῆς στραγγός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ στράγξ hē stránx	τὼ στράγγε tṑ stránge	αἱ στράγγες hai stránges
Genitive	τῆς στραγγός tês strangós	τοῖν στραγγοῖν toîn strangoîn	τῶν στραγγῶν tôn strangôn
Dative	τῇ στραγγῐ́ têi strangĭ́	τοῖν στραγγοῖν toîn strangoîn	ταῖς στραγξῐ́ / στραγξῐ́ν taîs stranxĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὴν στρᾶγγᾰ tḕn strângă	τὼ στράγγε tṑ stránge	τᾱ̀ς στράγγᾰς tā̀s strángăs
Vocative	στράγξ stránx	στράγγε stránge	στράγγες stránges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

στραγγεῖον (strangeîon)
στραγγίζω (strangízō)
στραγγίς (strangís)
στραγγουρία (strangouría)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “στράγξ, -γγός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1410-1