σάκος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *twek- (“shield, skin; to cover”). Cognate with Sanskrit त्वच् (tvác, “hide, bag”), Hittite [script needed] (tuekkaš, “body”).

Alternatively, Beekes suggests a Semitic origin, from the same root as σάκκος (sákkos, “sack”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sá.kos/ → /ˈsa.kos/ → /ˈsa.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sá.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.kos/

Noun

σᾰ́κος • (sắkos) n (genitive σᾰ́κεος or σᾰ́κους); third declension

1. a shield
2. (figurative) shield, defense

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ σᾰ́κος; τοῦ σᾰ́κους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σᾰ́κος tò sắkos	τὼ σᾰ́κει tṑ sắkei	τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κη tằ sắkē
Genitive	τοῦ σᾰ́κους toû sắkous	τοῖν σᾰκοῖν toîn săkoîn	τῶν σᾰκῶν tôn săkôn
Dative	τῷ σᾰ́κει tôi sắkei	τοῖν σᾰκοῖν toîn săkoîn	τοῖς σᾰ́κεσῐ / σᾰ́κεσῐν toîs sắkesĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ σᾰ́κος tò sắkos	τὼ σᾰ́κει tṑ sắkei	τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κη tằ sắkē
Vocative	σᾰ́κος sắkos	σᾰ́κει sắkei	σᾰ́κη sắkē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of σᾰ́κος; σᾰ́κεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	σᾰ́κος sắkos	σᾰ́κει / σᾰ́κεε sắkei / sắkee	σᾰ́κεᾰ sắkeă
Genitive	σᾰ́κεος / σᾰ́κευς sắkeos / sắkeus	σᾰκέοιν săkéoin	σᾰκέων săkéōn
Dative	σᾰ́κει / σᾰ́κεῐ̈ sắkei / sắkeĭ̈	σᾰκέοιν săkéoin	σᾰ́κεσῐ / σᾰ́κεσῐν / σάκεσσῐ / σάκεσσῐν / σακέεσσῐ / σακέεσσῐν sắkesĭ(n) / sákessĭ(n) / sakéessĭ(n)
Accusative	σᾰ́κος sắkos	σᾰ́κει / σᾰ́κεε sắkei / sắkee	σᾰ́κεᾰ sắkeă
Vocative	σᾰ́κος sắkos	σᾰ́κει / σᾰ́κεε sắkei / sắkee	σᾰ́κεᾰ sắkeă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• Εὐρυσάκης (Eurusákēs)

References

• “σάκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σάκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• σάκος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • buckler idem, page 102.
  • shield idem, page 765.
• “σάκος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “sack, bag; sackcloth”), most likely from Semitic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa.kos/

Noun

σάκος • (sákos) m (plural σάκοι)

1. bag (of paper or plastic; for shopping, etc)
2. sack (of paper or plastic; for storing/packing loose materials)
3. bin bag, waste bag
4. pouch, wallet (for documents)

Declension

Declension of σάκος

	singular	plural
nominative	σάκος (sákos)	σάκοι (sákoi)
genitive	σάκου (sákou)	σάκων (sákon)
accusative	σάκο (sáko)	σάκους (sákous)
vocative	σάκε (sáke)	σάκοι (sákoi)

Synonyms

• σακούλα f (sakoúla, “bag”)
• τσάντα f (tsánta, “handbag, bag”)
• σακί n (sakí, “sac, bag”)

Related terms

• αμνιακός σάκος m (amniakós sákos, “amniotic sac”)

Further reading

• σάκος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el
• σάκος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language