πρᾶγμα

See also: πράγμα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πρῆγμᾰ (prêgmă), πρῆχμᾰ (prêkhmă) — Ionic

Etymology

From πρᾱ́σσω (prā́ssō, “I do, practice”) +‎ -μᾰ (-mă, result noun suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /prâːŋ.ma/ → /ˈpraɣ.ma/ → /ˈpraɣ.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /prâːŋ.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpraɡ.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpraɣ.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpraɣ.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpraɣ.ma/

Noun

πρᾶγμᾰ • (prâgmă) n (genitive πρᾱ́γμᾰτος); third declension

1. deed, act, fact
2. occurrence, matter, affair
3. thing, concrete reality
4. thing, creature
5. thing of consequence or importance
6. (in the plural) circumstances, affairs
7. (in the plural, in bad sense) trouble, annoyance

Declension

Third declension of τὸ πρᾶγμᾰ; τοῦ πρᾱ́γμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πρᾶγμᾰ tò prâgmă	τὼ πρᾱ́γμᾰτε tṑ prā́gmăte	τᾰ̀ πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ tằ prā́gmătă
Genitive	τοῦ πρᾱ́γμᾰτος toû prā́gmătos	τοῖν πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιν toîn prāgmắtoin	τῶν πρᾱγμᾰ́των tôn prāgmắtōn
Dative	τῷ πρᾱ́γμᾰτῐ tôi prā́gmătĭ	τοῖν πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιν toîn prāgmắtoin	τοῖς πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐ / πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐν toîs prā́gmăsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ πρᾶγμᾰ tò prâgmă	τὼ πρᾱ́γμᾰτε tṑ prā́gmăte	τᾰ̀ πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ tằ prā́gmătă
Vocative	πρᾶγμᾰ prâgmă	πρᾱ́γμᾰτε prā́gmăte	πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ prā́gmătă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of πρᾶγμᾰ; πρᾱ́γμᾰτος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	πρᾶγμᾰ prâgmă	πρᾱ́γμᾰτε prā́gmăte	πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ prā́gmătă
Genitive	πρᾱ́γμᾰτος prā́gmătos	πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιῐν prāgmắtoiĭn	πρᾱγμᾰ́των prāgmắtōn
Dative	πρᾱ́γμᾰτῐ prā́gmătĭ	πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιῐν prāgmắtoiĭn	πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐ / πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐν / πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσσῐ / πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσσῐν / πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσῐ / πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσῐν prā́gmăsĭ(n) / prāgmắtessĭ(n) / prāgmắtesĭ(n)
Accusative	πρᾶγμᾰ prâgmă	πρᾱ́γμᾰτε prā́gmăte	πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ prā́gmătă
Vocative	πρᾶγμᾰ prâgmă	πρᾱ́γμᾰτε prā́gmăte	πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ prā́gmătă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• πρᾱγμᾰτᾶς (prāgmătâs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτείᾱ (prāgmăteíā)
• πρᾱγμᾰ́τευμᾰ (prāgmắteumă)
• πρᾱγμᾰτεύομαι (prāgmăteúomai)
• πρᾱγμᾰτευτέος (prāgmăteutéos)
• πρᾱγμᾰτευτής (prāgmăteutḗs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτευτῐκός (prāgmăteutĭkós)
• πρᾱγμᾰτῐ́ᾰς (prāgmătĭ́ăs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτῐκός (prāgmătĭkós)
• πρᾱγμᾰ́τῐον (prāgmắtĭon)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοδῐ́φης (prāgmătodĭ́phēs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοειδής (prāgmătoeidḗs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοκοπέω (prāgmătokopéō)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοκόπος (prāgmătokópos)
• πρᾱγμᾰτολογέω (prāgmătologéō)
• πρᾱγμᾰτομᾰθής (prāgmătomăthḗs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοποιίᾱ (prāgmătopoiíā)
• πρᾱγμᾰτορρᾰ́φος (prāgmătorrhắphos)
• πρᾱγμᾰτώδης (prāgmătṓdēs)

Descendants

• → English: pragma
• Greek: πράγμα (prágma), πράμα (práma)
• Mariupol Greek: пра́ма (práma)

Further reading

• “πρᾶγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πρᾶγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πρᾶγμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “πρᾶγμα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G4229 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • act idem, page 9.
  • affair idem, page 16.
  • business idem, page 106.
  • case idem, page 116.
  • circumstance idem, page 133.
  • concern idem, page 155.
  • deed idem, page 202.
  • fact idem, page 300.
  • job idem, page 463.
  • matter idem, page 518.
  • performance idem, page 607.
  • problem idem, page 643.
  • proceeding idem, page 644.
  • step idem, page 815.
  • thing idem, page 867.
  • topic idem, page 881.
  • transaction idem, page 888.