μίσθιος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From μισθός (misthós, “wages”) +‎ -ιος (-ios, adjective suffix).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mís.tʰi.os/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmis.tʰi.os/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmis.θi.os/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmis.θi.os/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmis.θi.os/

Adjective

μίσθῐος • (místhĭos) m (feminine μισθίᾱ, neuter μίσθῐον); first/second declension

salaried, hired
- 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, LYCURGUS 16, (from Plutarch's Lives, volume I: source link):
  ...τοὺς δὲ Σπαρτιατῶν παῖδας οὐκ ἐπὶ ὠνητοῖς οὐδὲ μισθίοις ἐποιήσατο παιδαγωγοῖς ὁ Λυκοῦργος
  ...toùs dè Spartiatôn paîdas ouk epì ōnētoîs oudè misthíois epoiḗsato paidagōgoîs ho Lukoûrgos
  ...for the children of the Spartans, Lycurgus countenanced neither bought nor hired tutors
- 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, ANTONIUS 6, (from Plutarch's Lives, volume V: source link):
  ...ὅτι φαύλως ἠμφιεσμένον εἶδεν Ἀντώνιον καὶ Κάσσιον ἐπὶ ζεύγους μισθίου πεφευγότας πρὸς αὐτόν
  ...hóti phaúlōs ēmphiesménon eîden Antṓnion kaì Kássion epì zeúgous misthíou pepheugótas pròs autón
(substantive) hired labourer
- Bible, LEVITICUS 25.50, (from The Leviticus: source link):
  καὶ ἔσται τὸ ἀργύριον τῆς πράσεως αὐτοῦ ὡς μισθίου
  kaì éstai tò argúrion tês práseōs autoû hōs misthíou
- Bible, JOB 7.1, (from The Book of Job: source link):
  πότερον οὐχὶ πειρατήριόν ἐστιν ὁ βίος ἀνθρώπου ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ ὥσπερ μισθίου αὐθημερινοῦ ἡ ζωὴ αὐτοῦ
  póteron oukhì peiratḗrión estin ho bíos anthrṓpou epì tês gês kaì hṓsper misthíou authēmerinoû hē zōḕ autoû
- Bible, TOBIT 5.12, (from The Book of Tobit: source link):
  φυλὴν καὶ πατριὰν σὺ ζητεῖς ἢ μίσθιον
  phulḕn kaì patriàn sù zēteîs ḕ místhion
- Bible, SIRACH 7.10, (from The Book of Sirach: source link):
  μὴ κακώσῃς οἰκέτην ἐργαζόμενον ἐν ἀληθείᾳ, μηδὲ μίσθιον διδόντα ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ
  mḕ kakṓsēis oikétēn ergazómenon en alētheíāi, mēdè místhion didónta psukhḕn autoû
- Bible, SIRACH 31.22, (from The Book of Sirach: source link):
  καὶ ἐκχέων αἷμα ὁ ἀποστερῶν μισθὸν μισθίου
  kaì ekkhéōn haîma ho aposterôn misthòn misthíou
- Bible, SIRACH 37.11, (from The Book of Sirach: source link):
  ...καὶ μετὰ μισθίου ἐφεστίου περὶ συντελείας
  ...kaì metà misthíou ephestíou perì sunteleías
  ...nor with a domestic worker about completing the work
(substantive) hired servant
- Bible, LUKE 15.17, (from The Gospel according to LUKE: source link):
  εἰς ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἐλθὼν εἶπε, Πόσοι μίσθιοι τοῦ πατρός μου περισσεύουσιν ἄρτων, ἐγὼ δὲ λιμῷ ἀπόλλυμαι·
  eis heautòn dè elthṑn eîpe, Pósoi místhioi toû patrós mou perisseúousin ártōn, egṑ dè limôi apóllumai;
- Bible, LUKE 15.19, (from The Gospel according to LUKE: source link):
  καὶ οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου· ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου
  kaì oukéti eimì áxios klēthênai huiós sou; poíēsón me hōs héna tôn misthíōn sou
  I am no longer fit to be your son, make me one of your hired servants
(substantive, in the plural) mercenaries

Inflection

First and second declension of μῐ́σθῐος; μῐσθῐ́ᾱ; μῐ́σθῐον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	μῐ́σθῐος mĭ́sthĭos	μῐσθῐ́ᾱ mĭsthĭ́ā	μῐ́σθῐον mĭ́sthĭon	μῐσθῐ́ω mĭsthĭ́ō	μῐσθῐ́ᾱ mĭsthĭ́ā	μῐσθῐ́ω mĭsthĭ́ō	μῐ́σθῐοι mĭ́sthĭoi	μῐ́σθῐαι mĭ́sthĭai	μῐ́σθῐᾰ mĭ́sthĭă
Genitive	μῐσθῐ́ου mĭsthĭ́ou	μῐσθῐ́ᾱς mĭsthĭ́ās	μῐσθῐ́ου mĭsthĭ́ou	μῐσθῐ́οιν mĭsthĭ́oin	μῐσθῐ́αιν mĭsthĭ́ain	μῐσθῐ́οιν mĭsthĭ́oin	μῐσθῐ́ων mĭsthĭ́ōn	μῐσθῐ́ων mĭsthĭ́ōn	μῐσθῐ́ων mĭsthĭ́ōn
Dative	μῐσθῐ́ῳ mĭsthĭ́ōi	μῐσθῐ́ᾳ mĭsthĭ́āi	μῐσθῐ́ῳ mĭsthĭ́ōi	μῐσθῐ́οιν mĭsthĭ́oin	μῐσθῐ́αιν mĭsthĭ́ain	μῐσθῐ́οιν mĭsthĭ́oin	μῐσθῐ́οις mĭsthĭ́ois	μῐσθῐ́αις mĭsthĭ́ais	μῐσθῐ́οις mĭsthĭ́ois
Accusative	μῐ́σθῐον mĭ́sthĭon	μῐσθῐ́ᾱν mĭsthĭ́ān	μῐ́σθῐον mĭ́sthĭon	μῐσθῐ́ω mĭsthĭ́ō	μῐσθῐ́ᾱ mĭsthĭ́ā	μῐσθῐ́ω mĭsthĭ́ō	μῐσθῐ́ους mĭsthĭ́ous	μῐσθῐ́ᾱς mĭsthĭ́ās	μῐ́σθῐᾰ mĭ́sthĭă
Vocative	μῐ́σθῐε mĭ́sthĭe	μῐσθῐ́ᾱ mĭsthĭ́ā	μῐ́σθῐον mĭ́sthĭon	μῐσθῐ́ω mĭsthĭ́ō	μῐσθῐ́ᾱ mĭsthĭ́ā	μῐσθῐ́ω mĭsthĭ́ō	μῐ́σθῐοι mĭ́sthĭoi	μῐ́σθῐαι mĭ́sthĭai	μῐ́σθῐᾰ mĭ́sthĭă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	μῐσθῐ́ως mĭsthĭ́ōs			μῐσθῐώτερος mĭsthĭṓteros			μῐσθῐώτᾰτος mĭsthĭṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

μίσθιος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette