κνώδαξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

This word is probably connected to κνώδαλον (knṓdalon, “beast, wild animal”) and κνώδων (knṓdōn, “projecting teeth on the blade of a hunting spear”). Per Derksen, these words derive from Proto-Indo-European *k(ʷ)end- or *k(ʷ)enHd(ʰ)-, like Sanskrit खादति (khādati, “to chew, to bite”) and Persian خاییدن (xâyidan, “to chew”), while Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin for all these lemmas.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /knɔ̌ː.daːks/ → /ˈkno.ðaks/ → /ˈkno.ðaks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /knɔ̌ː.daːks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkno.daks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkno.ðaks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkno.ðaks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkno.ðaks/

Noun

κνώδαξ • (knṓdax) m (genitive κνώδακος); third declension

1. pin or pivot on which a body or machine turns

   Synonyms: γίγγλυμος (gínglumos), θαιρός (thairós), στρόφιγξ (stróphinx)

2. (in the plural) sockets in which the axes of a drum turn

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ κνώδᾱξ; τοῦ κνώδᾱκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κνώδᾱξ ho knṓdāx	τὼ κνώδᾱκε tṑ knṓdāke	οἱ κνώδᾱκες hoi knṓdākes
Genitive	τοῦ κνώδᾱκος toû knṓdākos	τοῖν κνωδᾱ́κοιν toîn knōdā́koin	τῶν κνωδᾱ́κων tôn knōdā́kōn
Dative	τῷ κνώδᾱκῐ tôi knṓdākĭ	τοῖν κνωδᾱ́κοιν toîn knōdā́koin	τοῖς κνώδᾱξῐ / κνώδᾱξῐν toîs knṓdāxĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν κνώδᾱκᾰ tòn knṓdākă	τὼ κνώδᾱκε tṑ knṓdāke	τοὺς κνώδᾱκᾰς toùs knṓdākăs
Vocative	κνώδᾱξ knṓdāx	κνώδᾱκε knṓdāke	κνώδᾱκες knṓdākes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κνωδακίζω (knōdakízō)
• κνωδάκιον (knōdákion)
• κνωδακοφύλαξ (knōdakophúlax)

Descendants

• → Latin: cnōdāx

Further reading

• “κνώδαξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κνώδαξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN