κλύδων

See also: κληδών

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *klūd-. Cognates include Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌿𐍄𐍂𐍃 (hlūtrs), Welsh clir, and Latin cluō, clovāca.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /klý.dɔːn/ → /ˈkly.ðon/ → /ˈkli.ðon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /klý.dɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkly.don/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkly.ðon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkly.ðon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkli.ðon/

Noun

κλῠ́δων • (klŭ́dōn) m (genitive κλῠ́δωνος); third declension

1. wave, billow, and collectively, surf, rough water
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus 194–196:

     εἴτ’ ἐς μέγαν θάλαμον Ἀμφιτρίτας / εἴτ’ ἐς τὸν ἀπόξενον ὅρμων / Θρῄκιον κλύδωνα

     eít’ es mégan thálamon Amphitrítas / eít’ es tòn apóxenon hórmōn / Thrḗikion klúdōna

2. splashing
3. flood

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ κλῠ́δων; τοῦ κλῠ́δωνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κλῠ́δων ho klŭ́dōn	τὼ κλῠ́δωνε tṑ klŭ́dōne	οἱ κλῠ́δωνες hoi klŭ́dōnes
Genitive	τοῦ κλῠ́δωνος toû klŭ́dōnos	τοῖν κλῠδώνοιν toîn klŭdṓnoin	τῶν κλῠδώνων tôn klŭdṓnōn
Dative	τῷ κλῠ́δωνῐ tôi klŭ́dōnĭ	τοῖν κλῠδώνοιν toîn klŭdṓnoin	τοῖς κλῠ́δωσῐ / κλῠ́δωσῐν toîs klŭ́dōsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν κλῠ́δωνᾰ tòn klŭ́dōnă	τὼ κλῠ́δωνε tṑ klŭ́dōne	τοὺς κλῠ́δωνᾰς toùs klŭ́dōnăs
Vocative	κλῠ́δων klŭ́dōn	κλῠ́δωνε klŭ́dōne	κλῠ́δωνες klŭ́dōnes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “κλύδων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κλύδων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κλύδων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κλύδων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κλύδων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G2830 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • billow idem, page 79.
  • crop idem, page 185.
  • flood idem, page 329.
  • sea idem, page 744.
  • storm idem, page 821.
  • surge idem, page 843.
  • tide idem, page 873.
  • wave idem, page 967.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλύδων (klúdōn).

Noun

κλύδων • (klýdon) m (plural κλύδωνες)

1. (nautical) rough sea, swell, storm

   Synonyms: θαλασσοταραχή (thalassotarachí), σάλος (sálos), φουρτούνα (fourtoúna)

2. (by extension) unrest on the political or social level

Declension

Declension of κλύδων

	singular	plural
nominative	κλύδων (klýdon)	κλύδωνες (klýdones)
genitive	κλύδωνος (klýdonos)	κλυδώνων (klydónon)
accusative	κλύδωνα (klýdona)	κλύδωνας (klýdonas)
vocative	κλύδων (klýdon)	κλύδωνες (klýdones)

Related terms

• κλυδωνίζομαι (klydonízomai, “to sway back and forth”, verb)