γυμναστής

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From γῠμνᾰ́ζω (gumnázō, “to train, exercise”) +‎ -τής (-tḗs, masculine agentive suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡym.nas.tɛ̌ːs/ → /ʝym.nasˈtis/ → /ʝim.nasˈtis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡym.nas.tɛ̌ːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡym.nasˈte̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ʝym.nasˈtis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ʝym.nasˈtis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ʝim.nasˈtis/

Noun

γῠμνᾰστής • (gumnastḗs) m (genitive γῠμνᾰστοῦ); first declension

1. trainer of professional athletes
2. athlete, gymnast

Inflection

First declension of ὁ γῠμνᾰστής; τοῦ γῠμνᾰστοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γῠμνᾰστής ho gumnastḗs	τὼ γῠμνᾰστᾱ́ tṑ gumnastā́	οἱ γῠμνᾰσταί hoi gumnastaí
Genitive	τοῦ γῠμνᾰστοῦ toû gumnastoû	τοῖν γῠμνᾰσταῖν toîn gumnastaîn	τῶν γῠμνᾰστῶν tôn gumnastôn
Dative	τῷ γῠμνᾰστῇ tôi gumnastêi	τοῖν γῠμνᾰσταῖν toîn gumnastaîn	τοῖς γῠμνᾰσταῖς toîs gumnastaîs
Accusative	τὸν γῠμνᾰστήν tòn gumnastḗn	τὼ γῠμνᾰστᾱ́ tṑ gumnastā́	τοὺς γῠμνᾰστᾱ́ς toùs gumnastā́s
Vocative	γῠμνᾰστᾰ́ gumnastá	γῠμνᾰστᾱ́ gumnastā́	γῠμνᾰσταί gumnastaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• γῠμνᾰστέος (gumnastéos)
• γῠμνᾰστῐκός (gumnastikós)

 

Descendants

• → English: gymnast
• → Greek: γυμναστής (gymnastís) (learned)
• → Italian: ginnasta

Further reading

• “γυμναστής”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γυμναστής”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• γυμναστής in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γυμναστής in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)

Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek γῠμνᾰστής (gumnastḗs).

Noun

γυμναστής • (gymnastís) m (plural γυμναστές, feminine γυμνάστρια)

1. athletic trainer, fitness trainer, personal trainer, trainer of athletes

Usage notes

• Note: this does not mean gymnast, which is instead denoted by αθλητής της γυμναστικής (athlitís tis gymnastikís).

Declension

Declension of γυμναστής

	singular	plural
nominative	γυμναστής (gymnastís)	γυμναστές (gymnastés)
genitive	γυμναστή (gymnastí)	γυμναστών (gymnastón)
accusative	γυμναστή (gymnastí)	γυμναστές (gymnastés)
vocative	γυμναστή (gymnastí)	γυμναστές (gymnastés)

Related terms

• γυμνάζω (gymnázo, “to train, to exercise”)
• ενόργανη γυμναστική f (enórgani gymnastikí, “gymnastics”, literally “artistic or instrumental exercise”)