βαρύνω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From βᾰρῠ́ς (bărŭ́s, “heavy, weighty”) +‎ -ῡ́νω (-ū́nō).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ba.rý.nɔː/ → /βaˈry.no/ → /vaˈri.no/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ba.rý.nɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /baˈry.no/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βaˈry.no/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vaˈry.no/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vaˈri.no/

Verb

βᾰρῠ́νω • (bărŭ́nō)

1. (active voice) to weigh down, oppress, depress
2. (passive voice) to be heavy, weary, oppressed
3. (figuratively) to oppress, weary, afflict

   Synonym: θλῑ́βω (thlī́bō)

4. to mark with the grave accent

Inflection

   Present: βᾰρῠ́νω, βᾰρῠ́νομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	βᾰρῠ́νω	βᾰρῠ́νεις	βᾰρῠ́νει	βᾰρῠ́νετον	βᾰρῠ́νετον	βᾰρῠ́νομεν	βᾰρῠ́νετε	βᾰρῠ́νουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	βᾰρῠ́νω	βᾰρῠ́νῃς	βᾰρῠ́νῃ	βᾰρῠ́νητον	βᾰρῠ́νητον	βᾰρῠ́νωμεν	βᾰρῠ́νητε	βᾰρῠ́νωσῐ(ν)
	optative	βᾰρῠ́νοιμῐ	βᾰρῠ́νοις	βᾰρῠ́νοι	βᾰρῠ́νοιτον	βᾰρῠνοίτην	βᾰρῠ́νοιμεν	βᾰρῠ́νοιτε	βᾰρῠ́νοιεν
	imperative		βᾰ́ρῠνε	βᾰρῠνέτω	βᾰρῠ́νετον	βᾰρῠνέτων		βᾰρῠ́νετε	βᾰρῠνόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	βᾰρῠ́νομαι	βᾰρῠ́νῃ, βᾰρῠ́νει	βᾰρῠ́νεται	βᾰρῠ́νεσθον	βᾰρῠ́νεσθον	βᾰρῠνόμεθᾰ	βᾰρῠ́νεσθε	βᾰρῠ́νονται
	subjunctive	βᾰρῠ́νωμαι	βᾰρῠ́νῃ	βᾰρῠ́νηται	βᾰρῠ́νησθον	βᾰρῠ́νησθον	βᾰρῠνώμεθᾰ	βᾰρῠ́νησθε	βᾰρῠ́νωνται
	optative	βᾰρῠνοίμην	βᾰρῠ́νοιο	βᾰρῠ́νοιτο	βᾰρῠ́νοισθον	βᾰρῠνοίσθην	βᾰρῠνοίμεθᾰ	βᾰρῠ́νοισθε	βᾰρῠ́νοιντο
	imperative		βᾰρῠ́νου	βᾰρῠνέσθω	βᾰρῠ́νεσθον	βᾰρῠνέσθων		βᾰρῠ́νεσθε	βᾰρῠνέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		βᾰρῠ́νειν				βᾰρῠ́νεσθαι
participle	m	βᾰρῠ́νων				βᾰρῠνόμενος
	f	βᾰρῠ́νουσᾰ				βᾰρῠνομένη
	n	βᾰρῠ́νον				βᾰρῠνόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἐβᾰ́ρῠνον, ἐβᾰρῠνόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐβᾰ́ρῠνον	ἐβᾰ́ρῠνες	ἐβᾰ́ρῠνε(ν)	ἐβᾰρῠ́νετον	ἐβᾰρῠνέτην	ἐβᾰρῠ́νομεν	ἐβᾰρῠ́νετε	ἐβᾰ́ρῠνον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐβᾰρῠνόμην	ἐβᾰρῠ́νου	ἐβᾰρῠ́νετο	ἐβᾰρῠ́νεσθον	ἐβᾰρῠνέσθην	ἐβᾰρῠνόμεθᾰ	ἐβᾰρῠ́νεσθε	ἐβᾰρῠ́νοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: βᾰρῠνέω, βᾰρῠνέομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	βᾰρῠνέω	βᾰρῠνέεις	βᾰρῠνέει	βᾰρῠνέετον	βᾰρῠνέετον	βᾰρῠνέομεν	βᾰρῠνέετε	βᾰρῠνέουσῐ(ν)
	optative	βᾰρῠνέοιμῐ	βᾰρῠνέοις	βᾰρῠνέοι	βᾰρῠνέοιτον	βᾰρῠνεοίτην	βᾰρῠνέοιμεν	βᾰρῠνέοιτε	βᾰρῠνέοιεν
middle	indicative	βᾰρῠνέομαι	βᾰρῠνέῃ, βᾰρῠνέει	βᾰρῠνέεται	βᾰρῠνέεσθον	βᾰρῠνέεσθον	βᾰρῠνεόμεθᾰ	βᾰρῠνέεσθε	βᾰρῠνέονται
	optative	βᾰρῠνεοίμην	βᾰρῠνέοιο	βᾰρῠνέοιτο	βᾰρῠνέοισθον	βᾰρῠνεοίσθην	βᾰρῠνεοίμεθᾰ	βᾰρῠνέοισθε	βᾰρῠνέοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		βᾰρῠνέειν			βᾰρῠνέεσθαι
participle	m	βᾰρῠνέων			βᾰρῠνεόμενος
	f	βᾰρῠνέουσᾰ			βᾰρῠνεομένη
	n	βᾰρῠνέον			βᾰρῠνεόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: βᾰρῠνῶ, βᾰρῠνοῦμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	βᾰρῠνῶ	βᾰρῠνεῖς	βᾰρῠνεῖ	βᾰρῠνεῖτον	βᾰρῠνεῖτον	βᾰρῠνοῦμεν	βᾰρῠνεῖτε	βᾰρῠνοῦσῐ(ν)
	optative	βᾰρῠνοίην, βᾰρῠνοῖμῐ	βᾰρῠνοίης, βᾰρῠνοῖς	βᾰρῠνοίη, βᾰρῠνοῖ	βᾰρῠνοῖτον, βᾰρῠνοίητον	βᾰρῠνοίτην, βᾰρῠνοιήτην	βᾰρῠνοῖμεν, βᾰρῠνοίημεν	βᾰρῠνοῖτε, βᾰρῠνοίητε	βᾰρῠνοῖεν, βᾰρῠνοίησᾰν
middle	indicative	βᾰρῠνοῦμαι	βᾰρῠνῇ	βᾰρῠνεῖται	βᾰρῠνεῖσθον	βᾰρῠνεῖσθον	βᾰρῠνούμεθᾰ	βᾰρῠνεῖσθε	βᾰρῠνοῦνται
	optative	βᾰρῠνοίμην	βᾰρῠνοῖο	βᾰρῠνοῖτο	βᾰρῠνοῖσθον	βᾰρῠνοίσθην	βᾰρῠνοίμεθᾰ	βᾰρῠνοῖσθε	βᾰρῠνοῖντο
		active			middle
infinitive		βᾰρῠνεῖν			βᾰρῠνεῖσθαι
participle	m	βᾰρῠνῶν			βᾰρῠνούμενος
	f	βᾰρῠνοῦσᾰ			βᾰρῠνουμένη
	n	βᾰρῠνοῦν			βᾰρῠνούμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἐβᾰ́ρῡνᾰ, ἐβᾰρῡνᾰ́μην, ἐβᾰρῡ́νθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐβᾰ́ρῡνᾰ	ἐβᾰ́ρῡνᾰς	ἐβᾰ́ρῡνε(ν)	ἐβᾰρῡ́νᾰτον	ἐβᾰρῡνᾰ́την	ἐβᾰρῡ́νᾰμεν	ἐβᾰρῡ́νᾰτε	ἐβᾰ́ρῡνᾰν
	subjunctive	βᾰρῡ́νω	βᾰρῡ́νῃς	βᾰρῡ́νῃ	βᾰρῡ́νητον	βᾰρῡ́νητον	βᾰρῡ́νωμεν	βᾰρῡ́νητε	βᾰρῡ́νωσῐ(ν)
	optative	βᾰρῡ́ναιμῐ	βᾰρῡ́νειᾰς, βᾰρῡ́ναις	βᾰρῡ́νειε(ν), βᾰρῡ́ναι	βᾰρῡ́ναιτον	βᾰρῡναίτην	βᾰρῡ́ναιμεν	βᾰρῡ́ναιτε	βᾰρῡ́νειᾰν, βᾰρῡ́ναιεν
	imperative		βᾰ́ρῡνον	βᾰρῡνᾰ́τω	βᾰρῡ́νᾰτον	βᾰρῡνᾰ́των		βᾰρῡ́νᾰτε	βᾰρῡνᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐβᾰρῡνᾰ́μην	ἐβᾰρῡ́νω	ἐβᾰρῡ́νᾰτο	ἐβᾰρῡ́νᾰσθον	ἐβᾰρῡνᾰ́σθην	ἐβᾰρῡνᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐβᾰρῡ́νᾰσθε	ἐβᾰρῡ́νᾰντο
	subjunctive	βᾰρῡ́νωμαι	βᾰρῡ́νῃ	βᾰρῡ́νηται	βᾰρῡ́νησθον	βᾰρῡ́νησθον	βᾰρῡνώμεθᾰ	βᾰρῡ́νησθε	βᾰρῡ́νωνται
	optative	βᾰρῡναίμην	βᾰρῡ́ναιο	βᾰρῡ́ναιτο	βᾰρῡ́ναισθον	βᾰρῡναίσθην	βᾰρῡναίμεθᾰ	βᾰρῡ́ναισθε	βᾰρῡ́ναιντο
	imperative		βᾰ́ρῡναι	βᾰρῡνᾰ́σθω	βᾰρῡ́νᾰσθον	βᾰρῡνᾰ́σθων		βᾰρῡ́νᾰσθε	βᾰρῡνᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἐβᾰρῡ́νθην	ἐβᾰρῡ́νθης	ἐβᾰρῡ́νθη	ἐβᾰρῡ́νθητον	ἐβᾰρῡνθήτην	ἐβᾰρῡ́νθημεν	ἐβᾰρῡ́νθητε	ἐβᾰρῡ́νθησᾰν
	subjunctive	βᾰρῡνθῶ	βᾰρῡνθῇς	βᾰρῡνθῇ	βᾰρῡνθῆτον	βᾰρῡνθῆτον	βᾰρῡνθῶμεν	βᾰρῡνθῆτε	βᾰρῡνθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	βᾰρῡνθείην	βᾰρῡνθείης	βᾰρῡνθείη	βᾰρῡνθεῖτον, βᾰρῡνθείητον	βᾰρῡνθείτην, βᾰρῡνθειήτην	βᾰρῡνθεῖμεν, βᾰρῡνθείημεν	βᾰρῡνθεῖτε, βᾰρῡνθείητε	βᾰρῡνθεῖεν, βᾰρῡνθείησᾰν
	imperative		βᾰρῡ́νθητῐ	βᾰρῡνθήτω	βᾰρῡ́νθητον	βᾰρῡνθήτων		βᾰρῡ́νθητε	βᾰρῡνθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		βᾰρῦναι			βᾰρῡ́νᾰσθαι		βᾰρῡνθῆναι
participle	m	βᾰρῡ́νᾱς			βᾰρῡνᾰ́μενος		βᾰρῡνθείς
	f	βᾰρῡ́νᾱσᾰ			βᾰρῡνᾰμένη		βᾰρῡνθεῖσᾰ
	n	βᾰρῦνᾰν			βᾰρῡνᾰ́μενον		βᾰρῡνθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• βᾰ́ρῠνσῐς (bắrŭnsĭs)
• βᾰρῠντῐκός (bărŭntĭkós)
• κᾰτᾰβᾰρῠ́νω (kătăbărŭ́nō)

Further reading

• “βαρύνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βαρύνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “βαρύνω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• βαρύνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• βαρύνω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• βαρύνω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)