šmm

Egyptian

Possibly cognate with Arabic حَمِيم (ḥamīm, “hot”), Hebrew חַם (ḥam, “hot”).^[1]^[2]

2ae gem.

Conjugation of šmm (second geminate / 2ae gem. / II. gem.) — base stem: šm, geminated stem: šmm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
šmm⁸	šmm	šmmt	šmm, šm	šmm, šm

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
šmm, šm	ḥr šmm	m šmm	r šmm

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	šm.n	—	—
perfective	šm	šm	šm, šmw⁵, šmy⁵
imperfective	šmm, šmmy, šmmw⁵	šmm, šmmj⁶, šmmy⁶	šmm, šmmw⁵
prospective	šm, šmtj⁷	šmmtj⁴, šmmt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. šm before suffix pronouns.

Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 468.1–468.17

^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 34
^ Takács, Gábor (2000) “Towards the Afro-Asiatic Etymology of Egyptian zš ‘To Write’” in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, volume 63, number 2, page 262