đánh vần

Vietnamese

(linguistics) to spell a Vietnamese syllable as you pronounce it
Cách đánh vần từ "toán": o a nờ oan, tờ oan toan sắc toán

This word is frequently simplistically used to translate the English verb to spell, although to spell a word does not mean to pronounce it.
To đánh vần a syllable, first you spell the rhyme (and also any letter that represents the glide phoneme /w/, except as in qu /kw/, if any); then you pronounce the rhyme:
- As in the above example of the word toán, you list three letters: "o" (letter o) for the glide /w/, "a" (letter "a") and "nờ" (letter n) for the rhyme; then you you pronounce "oan".
Secondly, you add the initial consonant letter, pronounce the outcome syllable, then add the tone, then pronounce the final outcome.
- After you have "oan", you say "tờ" (letter t), then say "toan", then say "sắc" (sắc tone), then finish by saying "toán'.
To sum up, this is what you say to đánh vần the word toán: "o (letter o) a (letter a) nờ (letter n) oan, tờ (letter t) oan toan sắc (sắc tone) toán".