ysgaru

Welsh

Alternative forms

• sgaru, ysgar, ysgario, ysgarad

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *ɨskarad, from Proto-Celtic *skarati, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Cognate with Old Irish scaraid (“to sever, separate”), Old English sċieran (Modern English shear), Ancient Greek κείρω (keírō, “I cut off”), Latin carō (“flesh”), Lithuanian skìrti (“separate”).

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /əsˈɡarɨ̞/, [əsˈkarɨ̞]
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /əsˈɡa(ː)ri/, [əsˈka(ː)ri]
• Rhymes: -arɨ

Verb

ysgaru (first-person singular present ysgaraf)

1. to separate, split
2. (law) to divorce

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	ysgaraf	ysgeri	ysgara	ysgarwn	ysgerwch, ysgarwch	ysgarant	ysgerir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	ysgarwn	ysgarit	ysgarai	ysgarem	ysgarech	ysgarent	ysgerid
preterite	ysgerais	ysgeraist	ysgarodd	ysgarasom	ysgarasoch	ysgarasant	ysgarwyd
pluperfect	ysgaraswn	ysgarasit	ysgarasai	ysgarasem	ysgarasech	ysgarasent	ysgarasid, ysgaresid
present subjunctive	ysgarwyf	ysgerych	ysgaro	ysgarom	ysgaroch	ysgaront	ysgarer
imperative	—	ysgara	ysgared	ysgarwn	ysgerwch, ysgarwch	ysgarent	ysgarer
verbal noun	ysgaru
verbal adjectives	ysgaredig ysgaradwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	ysgara i, ysgaraf i	ysgari di	ysgarith o/e/hi, ysgariff e/hi	ysgarwn ni	ysgarwch chi	ysgaran nhw
conditional	ysgarwn i, ysgarswn i	ysgaret ti, ysgarset ti	ysgarai fo/fe/hi, ysgarsai fo/fe/hi	ysgaren ni, ysgarsen ni	ysgarech chi, ysgarsech chi	ysgaren nhw, ysgarsen nhw
preterite	ysgarais i, ysgares i	ysgaraist ti, ysgarest ti	ysgarodd o/e/hi	ysgaron ni	ysgaroch chi	ysgaron nhw
imperative	—	ysgara	—	—	ysgarwch	—

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• ysgar (“separation”)
• ysgariad (“divorce”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of ysgaru

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
ysgaru	unchanged	unchanged	hysgaru

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.