wḥꜥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /wɛhɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: weha

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to loosen or untie (cords, bonds, knots, etc.)

   Synonym: sfḫ

2. (transitive) to remove (the bandage from a wound)
3. (transitive) to resolve (difficulties), to unravel (problems)
4. (transitive) to explain, to expound, to clarify
5. (transitive) to interpret, to explain the meaning of (an incomprehensible word or event)
6. (transitive) to interpret, to translate (foreign speech)
7. (transitive) to understand
8. (transitive) to loosen up (limbs) out of stiffness
9. (transitive, intransitive) to heal, to cure
10. (transitive) to deliver (someone), to set free, to release (+ m or m-ꜥ: from (something bad or evil))
11. (transitive) to deliver (a woman) in childbirth
12. (intransitive) to finish up with work, to get off work
13. (intransitive) to be(come) idle or at leisure, to relax
14. (intransitive) to return home, especially after a day’s work (+ m: from; r: to (a place))
15. (transitive) to establish, to build (a building) [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of wḥꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wḥꜥ, geminated stem: wḥꜥꜥ

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural wḥꜥ wḥꜥw, wḥꜥ wḥꜥt wḥꜥ wḥꜥ ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 wḥꜥ ḥr wḥꜥ m wḥꜥ r wḥꜥ suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect wḥꜥ.n wḥꜥw, wḥꜥ consecutive wḥꜥ.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative wḥꜥt perfective3 wḥꜥ active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 wḥꜥ.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective wḥꜥ active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 wḥꜥ wḥꜥꜥ potentialis1 wḥꜥ.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive wḥꜥ active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect wḥꜥ.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective wḥꜥ active + .tj1, .tw2 wḥꜥ wḥꜥ, wḥꜥw5, wḥꜥy5 imperfective wḥꜥ, wḥꜥy, wḥꜥw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 wḥꜥ, wḥꜥj6, wḥꜥy6 wḥꜥ, wḥꜥw5 prospective wḥꜥ, wḥꜥtj7 — wḥꜥtj4, wḥꜥt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wḥꜥ  

wḥjꜥ	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ
[Pyramid Texts]	[Old Kingdom]	[Middle Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[Greco-Roman Period]
				in hieratic			abbreviation

Noun

 m

1. fisher or fowler (or both) [since the Pyramid Texts]
2. epithet for the king when making an offering of geese [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Declension of wḥꜥ (masculine)

singular	wḥꜥ
dual	wḥꜥwj
plural	wḥꜥw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wḥꜥ  

wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥw
		[Middle Kingdom]	[Middle Kingdom]

Descendants

• Demotic: wḥj
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲟϩⲓ (ouohi)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲱϩⲉ (ouōhe)

References

• “wḥꜥ (lemma ID 48760)” and “wḥꜥ (lemma ID 48790)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 348.3–349.15, 350.1–350.6
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 66
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 339.