turma

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See also: turmă, turmã, and turmą

Catalan

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Etymology

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Probably from a pre-Roman root.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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turma f (plural turmes)

  1. animal testicle

Hypernyms

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Further reading

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Finnish

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Etymology

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Possibly borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?] (compare Icelandic tyrma (to overwhelm)), although disputed by LÄGLOS on the grounds that the Germanic word only has a narrow distribution and thus may not be that old.[1] Related to Livvi turmu.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈturmɑ/, [ˈt̪urmɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -urmɑ
  • Syllabification(key): tur‧ma

Noun

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turma

  1. accident, especially one with casualties

Declension

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Inflection of turma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative turma turmat
genitive turman turmien
partitive turmaa turmia
illative turmaan turmiin
singular plural
nominative turma turmat
accusative nom. turma turmat
gen. turman
genitive turman turmien
turmain rare
partitive turmaa turmia
inessive turmassa turmissa
elative turmasta turmista
illative turmaan turmiin
adessive turmalla turmilla
ablative turmalta turmilta
allative turmalle turmille
essive turmana turmina
translative turmaksi turmiksi
abessive turmatta turmitta
instructive turmin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of turma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative turmani turmani
accusative nom. turmani turmani
gen. turmani
genitive turmani turmieni
turmaini rare
partitive turmaani turmiani
inessive turmassani turmissani
elative turmastani turmistani
illative turmaani turmiini
adessive turmallani turmillani
ablative turmaltani turmiltani
allative turmalleni turmilleni
essive turmanani turminani
translative turmakseni turmikseni
abessive turmattani turmittani
instructive
comitative turmineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative turmasi turmasi
accusative nom. turmasi turmasi
gen. turmasi
genitive turmasi turmiesi
turmaisi rare
partitive turmaasi turmiasi
inessive turmassasi turmissasi
elative turmastasi turmistasi
illative turmaasi turmiisi
adessive turmallasi turmillasi
ablative turmaltasi turmiltasi
allative turmallesi turmillesi
essive turmanasi turminasi
translative turmaksesi turmiksesi
abessive turmattasi turmittasi
instructive
comitative turminesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative turmamme turmamme
accusative nom. turmamme turmamme
gen. turmamme
genitive turmamme turmiemme
turmaimme rare
partitive turmaamme turmiamme
inessive turmassamme turmissamme
elative turmastamme turmistamme
illative turmaamme turmiimme
adessive turmallamme turmillamme
ablative turmaltamme turmiltamme
allative turmallemme turmillemme
essive turmanamme turminamme
translative turmaksemme turmiksemme
abessive turmattamme turmittamme
instructive
comitative turminemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative turmanne turmanne
accusative nom. turmanne turmanne
gen. turmanne
genitive turmanne turmienne
turmainne rare
partitive turmaanne turmianne
inessive turmassanne turmissanne
elative turmastanne turmistanne
illative turmaanne turmiinne
adessive turmallanne turmillanne
ablative turmaltanne turmiltanne
allative turmallenne turmillenne
essive turmananne turminanne
translative turmaksenne turmiksenne
abessive turmattanne turmittanne
instructive
comitative turminenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative turmansa turmansa
accusative nom. turmansa turmansa
gen. turmansa
genitive turmansa turmiensa
turmainsa rare
partitive turmaansa turmiaan
turmiansa
inessive turmassaan
turmassansa
turmissaan
turmissansa
elative turmastaan
turmastansa
turmistaan
turmistansa
illative turmaansa turmiinsa
adessive turmallaan
turmallansa
turmillaan
turmillansa
ablative turmaltaan
turmaltansa
turmiltaan
turmiltansa
allative turmalleen
turmallensa
turmilleen
turmillensa
essive turmanaan
turmanansa
turminaan
turminansa
translative turmakseen
turmaksensa
turmikseen
turmiksensa
abessive turmattaan
turmattansa
turmittaan
turmittansa
instructive
comitative turmineen
turminensa

Derived terms

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  • turmella
  • turmio (ruin, something which leads to serious troubles)
compounds

References

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  1. ^ Kylstra, A.D.; Hahmo, Sirkka-Liisa; Hofstra, Tette; Nikkilä, Otto. 1991–2012. Lexikon der älteren germanischen Lehnwörter in den ostseefinnischen Sprachen. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Latin

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Etymology

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Probably related to turba.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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turma f (genitive turmae); first declension

  1. a troop, squadron of cavalry, team
  2. (in general) a troop, crowd, company, throng, band, body

Declension

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First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative turma turmae
Genitive turmae turmārum
Dative turmae turmīs
Accusative turmam turmās
Ablative turmā turmīs
Vocative turma turmae

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Albanian: turmë
  • Ancient Greek: τύρμα (túrma), τούρμα (toúrma)
  • Aromanian: turmã
  • Friulian: torme
  • Italian: torma
  • Portuguese: turma
  • Romanian: turmă
  • Spanish: turma (semi-learned)

References

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  • turma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • turma”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • turma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • turma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • turma”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • turma”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “turba”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 634

Polish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German Turm, from Middle High German turn, turm, from Old High German torn, from Old French, from Latin turris. Doublet of turnia.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtur.ma/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -urma
  • Syllabification: tur‧ma

Noun

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turma f

  1. (archaic) prison
    Synonyms: więzienie, ciupa

Declension

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Further reading

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  • turma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Etymology

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From Latin turma (crowd, company), perhaps a borrowing. Compare Italian torma.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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turma f (plural turmas)

  1. a group of people
  2. gang (number of friends)
  3. class (group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year)

Quotations

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For quotations using this term, see Citations:turma.

Romanian

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Noun

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turma

  1. definite nominative/accusative singular of turmă

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtuɾma/ [ˈt̪uɾ.ma]
  • Rhymes: -uɾma
  • Syllabification: tur‧ma

Noun

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turma f (plural turmas)

  1. testicle
  2. a kind of potato

Derived terms

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Further reading

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