swern
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Middle English
[edit]Verb
[edit]swern
- Alternative form of sweren
Middle High German
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old High German swerien, sweren, from Proto-West Germanic *swarjan, from Proto-Germanic *swarjaną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]swern (class 6 strong, third-person singular present swert, past tense swuor, past participle gesworn, past subjunctive swüer, auxiliary hān)
- to swear
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | swern | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
genitive gerund | swernnes swernes | ||||
dative gerund | swernne swerne | ||||
present participle | swernde | ||||
past participle | gesworn | ||||
auxiliary | hān | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich swer | wir swern | i | ich swer | wir swern |
du swerst | ir swert | du swerst | ir swert | ||
ër swert | sie swernt | ër swer | sie swern | ||
preterite | ich swuor | wir swuorn | ii | ich swüer | wir swüern |
du swüer | ir swuort | du swüerst | ir swüert | ||
ër swuor | sie swuorn | ër swüer | sie swüern | ||
imperative | swer (du) | swert (ir) |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “swern”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Old High German sweran, from Proto-Germanic *sweraną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]swern (class 4 strong, third-person singular present swirt, past tense swar, past participle gesworn, past subjunctive swær, auxiliary hān)
- to hurt
- Manec dorn schœne bluomen birt, des stechen doch vil sêre swirt. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- to be inflamed, to swell, fester
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | swern | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
genitive gerund | swernnes swernes | ||||
dative gerund | swernne swerne | ||||
present participle | swernde | ||||
past participle | gesworn | ||||
auxiliary | hān | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich swir | wir swern | i | ich swer | wir swern |
du swirst | ir swert | du swerst | ir swert | ||
ër swirt | sie swernt | ër swer | sie swern | ||
preterite | ich swar | wir swārn | ii | ich swær | wir swærn |
du swær | ir swārt | du swærst | ir swært | ||
ër swar | sie swārn | ër swær | sie swærn | ||
imperative | swir (du) | swert (ir) |
Descendants
[edit]- German: schwären
References
[edit]- Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “swern”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
Categories:
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English verbs
- Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German
- Middle High German terms derived from Old High German
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle High German lemmas
- Middle High German verbs
- Middle High German strong verbs
- Middle High German class 6 strong verbs
- Middle High German verbs using hān as auxiliary
- Middle High German class 4 strong verbs
- Middle High German terms with usage examples