sternuo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(p)st(e)rnu- (“to sneeze”), presumably with imitative deformation; the internal *-r- in the Latin word and its presumed cognates makes the word unlikely to be independently formed in all the branches it is found in. Cognate with Welsh trew (“sneeze”), Breton strevia, Ancient Greek πταρμός (ptarmós, “sneeze”), and Armenian փռշտալ (pʻṙštal, “to sneeze”). Also compare other onomatopoeic formations like Polish kichać, Russian чихать (čixatʹ), Lithuanian čiáudėti, and Sanskrit क्षु (kṣu).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈster.nu.oː/, [ˈs̠t̪ɛrnuoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈster.nu.o/, [ˈst̪ɛrnuo]

Verb

sternuō (present infinitive sternuere, perfect active sternuī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

1. (intransitive) to sneeze

Conjugation

   Conjugation of sternuō (third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	sternuō		sternuis		sternuit		sternuimus		sternuitis		sternuunt
	imperfect	sternuēbam		sternuēbās		sternuēbat		sternuēbāmus		sternuēbātis		sternuēbant
	future	sternuam		sternuēs		sternuet		sternuēmus		sternuētis		sternuent
	perfect	sternuī		sternuistī		sternuit		sternuimus		sternuistis		sternuēre, sternuērunt
	pluperfect	sternueram		sternuerās		sternuerat		sternuerāmus		sternuerātis		sternuerant
	future perfect	sternuerō		sternueris		sternuerit		sternuerimus		sternueritis		sternuerint
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	sternuam		sternuās		sternuat		sternuāmus		sternuātis		sternuant
	imperfect	sternuerem		sternuerēs		sternueret		sternuerēmus		sternuerētis		sternuerent
	perfect	sternuerim		sternuerīs		sternuerit		sternuerīmus		sternuerītis		sternuerint
	pluperfect	sternuissem		sternuissēs		sternuisset		sternuissēmus		sternuissētis		sternuissent
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		sternue		—		—		sternuite		—
	future	—		sternuitō		sternuitō		—		sternuitōte		sternuuntō
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		sternuere			—			sternuēns			—
perfect		sternuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		sternuendī		sternuendō		sternuendum		sternuendō		—		—

Derived terms

• sternūmentum
• sternūtō
• sternūtum

Related terms

• sternūtāmentum
• sternūtātiō

References

• “sternuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sternuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sternuo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.