spontan

See also: spontán

Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [spɔnˈtan]

Adjective

spontan (feminine spontane)

1. spontaneous

Derived terms

• spontanisht

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin spontāneus, from Latin sponte (suā) (“of one's free will, voluntarily”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃpɔnˈtaːn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːn

Adjective

spontan (strong nominative masculine singular spontaner, comparative spontaner, superlative am spontansten)

1. spontaneous
2. ad hoc

Declension

Positive forms of spontan

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist spontan	sie ist spontan	es ist spontan	sie sind spontan
strong declension (without article)	nominative	spontaner	spontane	spontanes	spontane
	genitive	spontanen	spontaner	spontanen	spontaner
	dative	spontanem	spontaner	spontanem	spontanen
	accusative	spontanen	spontane	spontanes	spontane
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der spontane	die spontane	das spontane	die spontanen
	genitive	des spontanen	der spontanen	des spontanen	der spontanen
	dative	dem spontanen	der spontanen	dem spontanen	den spontanen
	accusative	den spontanen	die spontane	das spontane	die spontanen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein spontaner	eine spontane	ein spontanes	(keine) spontanen
	genitive	eines spontanen	einer spontanen	eines spontanen	(keiner) spontanen
	dative	einem spontanen	einer spontanen	einem spontanen	(keinen) spontanen
	accusative	einen spontanen	eine spontane	ein spontanes	(keine) spontanen

Comparative forms of spontan

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist spontaner	sie ist spontaner	es ist spontaner	sie sind spontaner
strong declension (without article)	nominative	spontanerer	spontanere	spontaneres	spontanere
	genitive	spontaneren	spontanerer	spontaneren	spontanerer
	dative	spontanerem	spontanerer	spontanerem	spontaneren
	accusative	spontaneren	spontanere	spontaneres	spontanere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der spontanere	die spontanere	das spontanere	die spontaneren
	genitive	des spontaneren	der spontaneren	des spontaneren	der spontaneren
	dative	dem spontaneren	der spontaneren	dem spontaneren	den spontaneren
	accusative	den spontaneren	die spontanere	das spontanere	die spontaneren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein spontanerer	eine spontanere	ein spontaneres	(keine) spontaneren
	genitive	eines spontaneren	einer spontaneren	eines spontaneren	(keiner) spontaneren
	dative	einem spontaneren	einer spontaneren	einem spontaneren	(keinen) spontaneren
	accusative	einen spontaneren	eine spontanere	ein spontaneres	(keine) spontaneren

Superlative forms of spontan

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist am spontansten	sie ist am spontansten	es ist am spontansten	sie sind am spontansten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	spontanster	spontanste	spontanstes	spontanste
	genitive	spontansten	spontanster	spontansten	spontanster
	dative	spontanstem	spontanster	spontanstem	spontansten
	accusative	spontansten	spontanste	spontanstes	spontanste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der spontanste	die spontanste	das spontanste	die spontansten
	genitive	des spontansten	der spontansten	des spontansten	der spontansten
	dative	dem spontansten	der spontansten	dem spontansten	den spontansten
	accusative	den spontansten	die spontanste	das spontanste	die spontansten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein spontanster	eine spontanste	ein spontanstes	(keine) spontansten
	genitive	eines spontansten	einer spontansten	eines spontansten	(keiner) spontansten
	dative	einem spontansten	einer spontansten	einem spontansten	(keinen) spontansten
	accusative	einen spontansten	eine spontanste	ein spontanstes	(keine) spontansten

Further reading

• “spontan” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “spontan” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
• “spontan” in Duden online

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch spontaan, from German spontan, from Latin spontāneus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈspɔntan]
• Hyphenation: spon‧tan
• Rhymes: -tan, -an, -n

Adjective

spontan

1. spontaneous:
   1. self-generated; happening without any apparent external cause.

      Synonym: serta merta

   2. done by one's own free choice, or without planning.

      Synonym: wajar

Derived terms

• kespontanan

Related terms

• spontanitas

Further reading

• “spontan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Norwegian Bokmål

Adjective

spontan (neuter singular spontant, definite singular and plural spontane)

1. spontaneous

   en spontan abort - a miscarriage (also spontanabort)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adjective

spontan (neuter singular spontant, definite singular and plural spontane)

1. spontaneous

   ein spontan abort - a miscarriage (also spontanabort)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French spontané, from Latin spontaneus.

Adjective

spontan m or n (feminine singular spontană, masculine plural spontani, feminine and neuter plural spontane)

1. spontaneous

Declension

		singular				plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine		masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	spontan		spontană		spontani	spontane
	definite	spontanul		spontana		spontanii	spontanele
genitive- dative	indefinite	spontan		spontane		spontani	spontane
	definite	spontanului		spontanei		spontanilor	spontanelor

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /spôntaːn/
• Hyphenation: spon‧tan

Adjective

spȍntān (Cyrillic spelling спо̏нта̄н, definite spȍntānī, comparative spontaniji)

1. spontaneous

Declension

positive indefinite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		spontan	spontana	spontano
genitive		spontana	spontane	spontana
dative		spontanu	spontanoj	spontanu
accusative	inanimate animate	spontan spontana	spontanu	spontano
vocative		spontan	spontana	spontano
locative		spontanu	spontanoj	spontanu
instrumental		spontanim	spontanom	spontanim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		spontani	spontane	spontana
genitive		spontanih	spontanih	spontanih
dative		spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)
accusative		spontane	spontane	spontana
vocative		spontani	spontane	spontana
locative		spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)
instrumental		spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)

positive definite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		spontani	spontana	spontano
genitive		spontanog(a)	spontane	spontanog(a)
dative		spontanom(u/e)	spontanoj	spontanom(u/e)
accusative	inanimate animate	spontani spontanog(a)	spontanu	spontano
vocative		spontani	spontana	spontano
locative		spontanom(e/u)	spontanoj	spontanom(e/u)
instrumental		spontanim	spontanom	spontanim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		spontani	spontane	spontana
genitive		spontanih	spontanih	spontanih
dative		spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)
accusative		spontane	spontane	spontana
vocative		spontani	spontane	spontana
locative		spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)
instrumental		spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)	spontanim(a)

comparative forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		spontaniji	spontanija	spontanije
genitive		spontanijeg(a)	spontanije	spontanijeg(a)
dative		spontanijem(u)	spontanijoj	spontanijem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	spontaniji spontanijeg(a)	spontaniju	spontanije
vocative		spontaniji	spontanija	spontanije
locative		spontanijem(u)	spontanijoj	spontanijem(u)
instrumental		spontanijim	spontanijom	spontanijim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		spontaniji	spontanije	spontanija
genitive		spontanijih	spontanijih	spontanijih
dative		spontanijim(a)	spontanijim(a)	spontanijim(a)
accusative		spontanije	spontanije	spontanija
vocative		spontaniji	spontanije	spontanija
locative		spontanijim(a)	spontanijim(a)	spontanijim(a)
instrumental		spontanijim(a)	spontanijim(a)	spontanijim(a)

superlative forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najspontaniji	najspontanija	najspontanije
genitive		najspontanijeg(a)	najspontanije	najspontanijeg(a)
dative		najspontanijem(u)	najspontanijoj	najspontanijem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	najspontaniji najspontanijeg(a)	najspontaniju	najspontanije
vocative		najspontaniji	najspontanija	najspontanije
locative		najspontanijem(u)	najspontanijoj	najspontanijem(u)
instrumental		najspontanijim	najspontanijom	najspontanijim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najspontaniji	najspontanije	najspontanija
genitive		najspontanijih	najspontanijih	najspontanijih
dative		najspontanijim(a)	najspontanijim(a)	najspontanijim(a)
accusative		najspontanije	najspontanije	najspontanija
vocative		najspontaniji	najspontanije	najspontanija
locative		najspontanijim(a)	najspontanijim(a)	najspontanijim(a)
instrumental		najspontanijim(a)	najspontanijim(a)	najspontanijim(a)

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin spontaneus.

Adjective

spontan (comparative spontanare, superlative spontanast)

1. spontaneous

Declension

Inflection of spontan

Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative1
common singular	spontan	spontanare	spontanast
neuter singular	spontant	spontanare	spontanast
plural	spontana	spontanare	spontanast
masculine plural2	spontane	spontanare	spontanast
Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular3	spontane	spontanare	spontanaste
all	spontana	spontanare	spontanaste

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Related terms

• spontanitet (“spontaneity”)

References

• spontan in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• spontan in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• spontan in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• spontan in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)