spirgts
Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Originally the past passive participle of spirgt (“to become fresh, lively”) (q.v.).[1]
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sperg-. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Adjective
[edit]spirgts (definite spirgtais, comparative spirgtāks, superlative visspirgtākais, adverb spirgti)
- fresh, brisk, lively, sprightly, active
- spirgts un vesels ― fresh and healthy
- slimnieks jau jūtas, izskatsā spirgtāks ― the patient feels, looks livelier
- man bija ierādīta vieta blakus šoferim, spirgtam, spēcīgam vīram ― I was seated near the driver, a lively, strong man
- Nestors papriekš nomazgāja rokas, seju un galvu un jutās uzreiz daudz spirgtāks ― Nestors first washed his hands, face and head and felt immediately much fresher
- rītām Ilze bija jautrāka un spirgtāka nekā citām dienām savas vājības laikā ― in the mornings Ilze was more cheerful and lively than in other days during her sickness
- (of plants, their parts) strong, well grown, healthy
- ziedi saplakuši kā lupatiņas... tikai viens vienīgais stādiņš vēl spirgts ― the flowers had flattened like pieces of cloth... only one single little plant was still strong, healthy
- fresh, brisk, lively, sprightly, active (such that it expresses such qualities; compatible with, predisposing to, such qualities)
- spirgts cilvēku izskats ― a lively, brisk human appearance
- spirgts garastāvoklis ― lively, brisk mood
- viņš redzēja Līzes spirgto, sārto seju ― He saw Līze's lively, rosy face
- vecais Gatviņš vairs nestaigā tik jautriem, spirgtiem soļiem arklam pakaļ kā citreiz ― the old Gatviņš no longer walked behind the plow with such cheerful, lively stems as (he) once (did)
- rudenī raisās spirgtā skolas dzīve ― in autumn the fresh, lively school life blossoms
- ārkārtīga interese par dzeju, mākslu, spirgta, dabiska nenotrulināta uztvere ― extreme interest in poetry, art, a fresh, natural, unblunted perception
- bērzu zaļums vēl spirgts un spilgts ― the green(ness) of the birch tree (is) still lively/fresh and bright
- fresh (pleasantly cool, so that it causes active, positive physical and mental states)
- viņš dziļi ieelpo spirgto pavasara nakts gaisu ― he inhaled deeply the lively spring night air
- kad cēlās spirgts rīta vējš, tad Līzīte kā atdzīvojās ― when the fresh morning wind increased, then Līzīte came back to life
- ir spirgta rīta stunda, kad jūlija saule vēl nav paspējusi piekarsēt Rīgu ― (there) is a fresh morning hour, when the July sun has not yet managed to warm up Rīga
Declension
[edit]indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of spirgts
| masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
| nominative (nominatīvs) | spirgts | spirgti | spirgta | spirgtas | |||||
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | spirgtu | spirgtus | spirgtu | spirgtas | |||||
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | spirgta | spirgtu | spirgtas | spirgtu | |||||
| dative (datīvs) | spirgtam | spirgtiem | spirgtai | spirgtām | |||||
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | spirgtu | spirgtiem | spirgtu | spirgtām | |||||
| locative (lokatīvs) | spirgtā | spirgtos | spirgtā | spirgtās | |||||
| vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Synonyms
[edit]- (of "lively"): dzīvs, modrs, možs, mundrs, žirgts
- (of "active"): aktīvs, kustīgs, darbīgs, rosīgs
- (of "fresh, cool"): dzestrs, vēss, svaigs
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “spirgt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN